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Recently, India made a historic trade deal with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
Free Trade Agreements (FTAs):
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About European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
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Scientists of CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) have found out that the invasive Armoured Sailfin Catfish has spread to 60% in the water bodies of Eastern Ghats.
Environmental DNA (eDNA):
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Malaysia has taken the decision to gift orangutans to trade partners buying its palm oil.
Panda Diplomacy:
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Animal diplomacy refers to the use of living animals by governments in their international relations.
Countries decide which animals to use for diplomatic purposes based on several factors:
Benefit | Explanation | Challenge | Explanation |
Funding Boost | Collaboration attracts more money for conservation efforts. | Long-Term Commitment | Maintaining consistent funding from participating nations. |
Shared Knowledge | Countries exchange best practices in orangutan conservation. | Conflicting Agendas | Balancing the different priorities of collaborating countries. |
Global Pressure | International efforts put pressure on orangutan range countries to act. | Enforcing Agreements | Difficulty in enforcing international agreements |
Public Awareness | Orangutans’ plight gains global attention and public support. | Cultural Respect | Orangutan diplomacy must be sensitive to local customs. |
Orangutans live among the trees of tropical rainforests.
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A 30-year U.S. observational study, The Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2018) finds consumption of ultra-processed food leads to higher risk of early death.
Higher consumption of most ultra-processed foods like (ready-to-eat meat, poultry, and seafood based products, sugary drinks, dairy based desserts, and highly processed breakfast food) is linked to a slightly higher risk of early death.
Ultra-Processed FoodsUltra-processed foods typically include many additives and ingredients that are not typically used in home cooking, such as preservatives, emulsifiers, sweeteners, and artificial colours and flavours. These foods generally have a long shelf life
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From Kashmir to Myanmar, a few closely related blue magpie species are a common sight.
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Recently, A Division Bench of the Himachal Pradesh High Court delivered a split decision on whether it can direct the Speaker of the Himachal Pradesh Assembly to accept resignation letters from MLAs within a specified time frame.
Earlier, The three independent MLAs of Himachal Legislative Assembly joined the BJP after submitting their resignation to the Speaker.
About Speaker of Legislative AssemblyUnder Article 178 of the Indian Constitution every Legislative Assembly of a State shall choose one of its Members as Speaker.
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Recently, The Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM) published a study that analyzed the shifts in religious demographics in India, Hindu population share dipped 7.82%, while that of Christians, Muslims, Sikhs has seen a rise in the 65-year period between 1950 and 2015.
The Study focused on only those countries (around 167) that had a majority religion (more than 50 percent share of the total population) for 1950.
Economic Advisory Council (EAC-PM):
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Global Finding: Between 1950 and 2015,
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The US and Australia alleged India of giving subsidies to sugarcane farmers far exceeding limits set in global trade norms.
World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization established to regulate and facilitate international trade among its member countries.
The Department of Food and Public Distribution is responsible for the formulation of policies and regulations for the sugar sector. This includes fixing the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane which is payable to farmers by sugar factories, training in sugar technology, and regulation of supply of free sale sugar.
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The government has planned to complete GIS mapping of all national highways to improve planning, execution, and monitoring.
The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MORTH) has instructed project implementing units of various agencies to mark their jurisdiction on a dashboard. Agencies include the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), Border Roads Organisation (BRO), and National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (NHIDCL).
GIS stands for Geographic Information System.
It has following elements
Benefit of GIS mapping | Explanation | Challenges of GIS mapping | Explanation |
Accurate Data Representation | GIS maps provide precise details about the road network, including its alignment, intersections, and features (lanes, bridges, signage). This accuracy is crucial for effective planning, design, and maintenance activities. | Data Accuracy | Ensuring the data used in GIS maps is accurate and up-to-date is vital. Errors in data collection or validation can lead to incorrect road layouts and navigation problems. |
Efficient Planning & Decision-Making | By visualizing highway data on GIS maps, authorities can make informed decisions about road expansion, repairs, and upgrades. This facilitates streamlined project planning and optimal resource allocation. | Scale & Resolution | Balancing the level of detail needed with manageable file sizes can be tricky. High-resolution maps containing extensive data can be resource-intensive. |
Asset Management | GIS helps manage highway assets (bridges, culverts, signage) by tracking their location, condition, and maintenance history. This enables timely repairs and minimizes disruptions due to breakdowns. | Dynamic Changes | Since roads, bridges, and intersections undergo changes over time, keeping maps updated requires continuous monitoring and data refreshes. |
Emergency Response | During accidents or natural disasters, GIS maps empower emergency services to locate affected areas, divert traffic flow, and coordinate rescue efforts effectively. | Terrain & Elevation | Accurately representing elevation changes is crucial for safety and navigation. Representing steep slopes, tunnels, and bridges accurately can be challenging. |
Environmental Impact Assessment | GIS tools help analyze the environmental impact of highway projects by considering factors like land use, vegetation, and water bodies. This allows for informed decision-making that minimizes environmental damage. | Privacy & Security | Striking a balance between sharing useful details and protecting sensitive information (private properties) is necessary. |
Public Access & Transparency | Sharing GIS maps with the public enhances transparency. Citizens can access information about road conditions, tolls, and amenities (rest stops, gas stations). | Interoperability | Integrating data from various sources (satellites, drones, ground surveys) into a cohesive map can be complex due to format differences. |
Cost Savings | The benefits of efficient planning, reduced maintenance costs, and optimized resource allocation lead to significant financial savings in the long run. | Legal & Regulatory Compliance | Adhering to local laws regarding data collection, permissions, and privacy regulations is critical for project success. |
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Caenorhabditis elegans, also called “the worm,” is used a lot in science to study how brains and cells work.
Caenorhabditis elegans is a small, transparent nematode. It lives freely in temperate soil environments.
Nemotode
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A long term agreement was signed between India and Iran allowing India rights to operate and manage the Chabahar Port.
India currently operates the Chabahar Port on a short-term agreement, which gets periodically renewed.
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There is a certain misunderstanding of the Supreme Court judgment pronounced recently in Dolly Rani v Manish Kumar Chanchal that if no saptapadi ceremony is performed, a Hindu marriage between two people cannot be considered valid.
What is a Solemnized Marriage?
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S. Nagalingam v. Sivagami (2001): Tamil Nadu passed an amendment to HMA in 1967 simplifying marriage ceremonies.
Marriage laws in India
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The understanding and application of marriage laws in India require careful consideration of religious diversity and societal expectations.
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The recent identification, by several cybersecurity conglomerates, of complex hacker groups using generative AI solutions has raised concerns with AI models being leveraged for translating and identifying coding errors to maximize the impact of cyberattacks.
As per SlashNext’s 2023 State of Phishing Report, there has been a 1,265% increase in phishing incidents/emails, along with a 967% increase in credential phishing since the fourth quarter of 2022 arising from the exacerbated utilization/manipulation of generative AI.
Generative Artificial Intelligence is a type of AI technology that can produce various types of content, including text, imagery, audio and synthetic data.
About Artificial Intelligence (AI)Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions.
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It enables the creation of new and unique content, whether it’s images, music, or text. Example: Automated Journalism:
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India’s Initiatives for Developing AI:
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