{"id":31066,"date":"2023-08-02T13:41:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-02T08:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/?post_type=docs&p=31066"},"modified":"2023-08-02T13:41:48","modified_gmt":"2023-08-02T08:11:48","slug":"lord-linlithgow-1936-1944","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/upsc-notes\/lord-linlithgow-1936-1944\/","title":{"rendered":"Lord Linlithgow (1936-1944)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/b><\/h2>\n

Victor Alexander John Hope, <\/span>2nd Marquess of Linlithgow<\/b>, sometimes known as Lord Linlithgow, was a British Unionist politician, farmer, and colonial administrator who lived from September 24, 1887, until January 5, 1952. was referred to as Linlithgow frequently. He served as<\/span> Viceroy and Governor-General of India from 1936 to 1944.<\/b> He served as the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland’s Lord High Commissioner, Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, and Vice President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Significant Events During Lord Linlithgow Tenure<\/b><\/h2>\n

1936-37: First General Elections<\/b><\/h2>\n

British India held <\/span>provincial elections in the winter of 1936\u20131937<\/b> in accordance with the 1935 Government of India Act. <\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • The eleven provinces that held elections were <\/span>Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, United Provinces, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.<\/b><\/li>\n
  • In February 1937, the election results were made public. Except for Punjab and Sindh, eight of the provinces came under the rule of the Indian National Congress. In none of the provinces, the All-India Muslim League was able to establish a government.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Viceroy Lord Linlithgow’s decision to declare India a belligerent in World War II without seeking the consent of the Indian people resulted in the resignation of the Congress administrations in October and November 1939.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    1939: Forward Bloc Formation <\/b><\/h2>\n

    The Forward Bloc political party was established by<\/span> Subhas Chandra Bose<\/b>. He founded it as a radical faction within Congress after stepping down as president of the body in 1939.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • He explained that the <\/span>objective of the new party<\/b> was to “rally all radical and anti-imperialist progressive elements in the country on the basis of a minimum programme representing the greatest common measure of agreement among radicals of all shades of opinion.”<\/span><\/li>\n
    • However, he believed that his appeal would be heeded by all radicals, including socialists, communists, and Kisan Sabhaits.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      1940: Lahore Resolution<\/b><\/h2>\n

      Muhammad Zafarullah Khan wrote and prepared the Lahore Resolution<\/b>, also known as the Pakistan Resolution or the Declaration of Independence of Pakistan<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • It was delivered by <\/span>A. K. Fazlul Huq<\/b>, the Prime Minister of Bengal, during the three-day general meeting of the All-India Muslim League in Lahore on March 22\u201324, 1940.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • An important turning point in Pakistan’s history was the adoption of the All India Muslim League’s annual resolution calling for the creation of a separate country for the Muslims of British India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        1940: August Offer<\/b><\/h2>\n

        The August Offer, a proposal from Lord Linlithgow, was the government’s response.<\/span><\/p>\n