{"id":127881,"date":"2026-01-02T16:00:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-02T10:30:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/?p=127881"},"modified":"2026-01-03T10:18:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-03T04:48:50","slug":"indias-space-programme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/current-affairs\/indias-space-programme\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 <\/strong>\u0924\u0915, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928, <\/strong><strong>\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 <\/strong>\u0915\u094b \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 (2008):<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong>\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0928 \u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c (MIP) <\/strong>\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u0932\/\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940\u0964\n<ul>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2009 <\/strong><strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 <\/strong>\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-2 (2019):<\/strong> <strong>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930, <\/strong><strong>\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 (\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e) \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964 <strong>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930 <\/strong>\u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 <strong>\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 (2023): <\/strong>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 <strong>23 <\/strong><strong>\u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924, 2023 <\/strong><strong>\u0915\u094b \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f <\/strong>\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928 (\u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928-2014):<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 (2025):<\/strong> <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a \u0915\u0948\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0936\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0902\u0936\u0941 \u0936\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0913\u092e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 4 (<\/strong><strong>\u091c\u0942\u0928 2025 <\/strong><strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a) \u0915\u0947<\/strong> \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0948\u0921\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e (2025):<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0928\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0935\u0939 <strong>\u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 (\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, <\/strong><strong>\u0930\u0942\u0938, <\/strong><strong>\u091a\u0940\u0928) \u0915\u0947 <\/strong>\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0930:<\/strong> <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0938\u093e-\u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939<\/strong> (\u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908 2025) \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0926\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f-L1 (2023):<\/strong> \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u0964\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091c \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 1 (L1) <\/strong>\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>XPoSat (2024): XPoSat (<\/strong><strong>\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939)<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ISRO <\/strong><strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0917\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e: <\/strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2027 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0936\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928: <\/strong>\u0936\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 (2028)\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 (BAS): <\/strong><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2035<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935: <\/strong>\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2035<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-127882\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-360x203.jpg 360w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1.jpg 892w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-127882\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1-360x203.jpg 360w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-1.jpg 892w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-4: <\/strong>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2027-2028<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f: <\/strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e, <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e\/\u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 3 <\/strong><strong>\u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901: <\/strong>\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924<\/strong> <strong>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-5 (LUPEX): <\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2028-2029 <\/strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f:<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (PSR)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932, \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong> <strong>JAXA (<\/strong><strong>\u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939:<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>G20 <\/strong><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 (2023): <\/strong>\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\/\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0930 (\u0928\u093e\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925), <\/strong><strong>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0936\u0928\u093e (CNES, <\/strong><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0901\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925), <\/strong><strong>\u0932\u0942\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (JAXA, <\/strong><strong>\u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925), <\/strong><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c\u093e-3 (<\/strong><strong>\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925)<\/strong>\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2018<\/strong><strong>\u0935\u0938\u0941\u0927\u0948\u0935 \u0915\u0941\u091f\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u092e\u094d\u2019 <\/strong>(\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<span class=\"vc_green_button\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6202%;\" width=\"624\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h4><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ISRO)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e: \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1969<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924, \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1962<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (INCOSPAR) <\/strong>\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f:<\/strong> \u092c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0942\u0930\u0942\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (DoS)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916-\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092c\u091c\u091f: <\/strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2025-26 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u20b913,416 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2013-14 <\/strong>\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e: \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2025 <\/strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 $9 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940, <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2033 <\/strong><strong>\u0924\u0915 $44 <\/strong><strong>\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u0915 <\/strong>\u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930: <\/strong>300 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f-\u0905\u092a; IN-SPACe \u0914\u0930 NSIL \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917: \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, <\/strong><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f, <\/strong><strong>\u0928\u094c\u0935\u0939\u0928 (NavIC) <\/strong><strong>\u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/span>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0924\u0915, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928, \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 (2008): \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0928 \u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c (MIP) \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/current-affairs\/indias-space-programme\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4818],"tags":[],"paper":[4828],"subject":[4836],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127881"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=127881"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":127884,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127881\/revisions\/127884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=127881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=127881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=127881"},{"taxonomy":"paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper?post=127881"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=127881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}