{"id":83285,"date":"2024-02-02T18:01:03","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T12:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=83285"},"modified":"2024-02-21T09:32:47","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T04:02:47","slug":"brainware","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/current-affairs\/brainware\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 (brainware)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 (Brainware)<\/span><b> &#8216;\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915&#8217;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Organoid Neural Network) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Neuromorphic computing) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e \u091c\u094b <\/span><b>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <div class=\"vc_gray_box\">\n                   <p> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092e\u094b\u0930\u094d\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Neuromorphic computing)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b<\/span><b> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 (Organoids)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 <\/span><b>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f-\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930<\/span><b> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f-\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 <\/span><b>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Human Pluripotent Stem cells) \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u091c\u094b \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921<\/span><b> \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Neuron Progenitor cells), <\/span><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Neurons),<\/span><b> \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Mature Neurons) <\/span><b>\u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Astrocytes) (\u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <div class=\"vc_gray_box\">\n                   <p> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e (Stem Cells)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0908<\/span><b> \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924<\/b> <b>\u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 (Organoid Neural Networks)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902-\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <\/span><b>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921 \u090f\u0930\u0947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Microelectrode Arrays, MEAs) \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <\/span><b>\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Artificial Neural Network) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0940\u0902: <\/span><b>\u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f, \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-83286 \" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Untitled-25-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"786\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0926\u094b \u091a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Hnon map) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <\/span><b>240 \u0911\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 78% \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 <\/span><b>\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0928-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 <\/span><b>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e-\u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AI \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 <\/span><b>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 <\/span><b>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u0928\u0947 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u090f \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f<\/span><b> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (Preclinical Model) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u092f\u0939 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u2018\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u2019 (Organoid Intelligence) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u2018\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u00a0 \u00a0\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 (Brainware) &#8216;\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915&#8217; (Organoid Neural Network) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Neuromorphic computing) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/current-affairs\/brainware\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 (brainware)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4818],"tags":[],"paper":[],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83285"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83285"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89255,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83285\/revisions\/89255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83285"},{"taxonomy":"paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper?post=83285"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=83285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}