On the government’s 100-day health agenda is the countrywide rollout of U-WIN, an online vaccine management portal for childhood vaccination — similar to CoWIN used during the Covid-19 pandemic.

U-WIN Portal: Universal Immunization WIN Portal

• Part of government’s 100-day health agenda
• Online vaccine management portal for childhood vaccination
• Similar to CoWIN used during COVID-19 pandemic
• Aims: To digitize and individualize immunization records from birth
• Goal: Identify and reach children outside the current vaccine net

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Key Features of U-WIN

• Registration Process
  • For children up to 6 years and pregnant mothers
  • Uses government ID (e.g., Aadhaar) and mobile numbers
  • Records 25 shots for children and 2 for pregnant mothers
• Digital Vaccination Certificate
  • Checkered certificate with color-coded vaccines
  • Displays vaccination dates and due dates for next shots
  • Eliminates need for physical vaccination booklets
  • Enables vaccination anywhere in the country
• SMS Reminders
  • Sends alerts to parents before next vaccination due date
• Locating Vaccination Centers
  • Helps find nearest center and book available slots
• Health Worker Support
  • Generates automatic due-lists of children in respective areas
• Data Collection and Analysis
  • Registers births, birth weight, and physical deformities
    • U-WIN also registers all births, the three vaccines against polio, hepatitis B, and tuberculosis administered at birth, a child’s birth weight, and any physical deformities observed at birth. 
    • These data-points can be utilised by other government programmes as well — the idea is to eventually connect all digital records through ABHA (Ayushman Bharat Health Account) ID.
  • Allows study of micro-trends across areas

Integration with eVIN (Electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network)

• Inventory Management
  • Tracks vaccine vials from central stores to vaccination sites
  • Monitors doses used, wasted, and returned
  • Facilitates demand forecasting for vaccines
• Temperature and Humidity Monitoring
  • Real-time tracking using sensors attached to freezers

Benefits of U-WIN

• Improved Compliance : Regular reminders to parents
• Portability: Ensures continuity of vaccination for migrant families
• Error Reduction: Acts as a decision support system for health workers
• Granular Data Collection
  • Provides individual-level vaccination data
  • Helps differentiate between over-vaccinated and under-vaccinated children
• Reduction in “Zero Dose” Children
  • Current scenario: 1.6 million zero dose children in India (2023)
  • Example: Increase in missed measles vaccinations (1.6 million in 2023, up from 1.1 million in 2022)
  • Potential to address measles outbreaks (e.g., in Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Jharkhand, and Maharashtra in 2022)

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Implementation Status

• Pilot phase in several states: The pilot phase aims to test the network’s performance, identify potential issues, and gather feedback from users.
  • Wireless infrastructure has been set up in selected schools and colleges, providing students and staff with enhanced internet access.
• Nationwide rollout imminent Test
  • Initial Rollout: The first phase of the nationwide rollout will target key regions and institutions that are ready for implementation.
  • Full Deployment: Gradually, the network will be extended to cover all educational institutions across the country, ensuring ubiquitous wireless connectivity for students and staff.

Challenges and Considerations

• Digital infrastructure requirements
  • Bandwidth and Speed: Ensuring sufficient bandwidth and high-speed connectivity to support multiple users and devices simultaneously.
  • Coverage and Signal Strength: Achieving comprehensive coverage with strong signal strength, particularly in large or multi-story buildings.
  • Hardware Requirements: Procuring and installing high-quality routers, access points, and other networking equipment.
• Training of health workers
  • Training programs for staff and support teams should be organized to ensure smooth operation and maintenance of the network.
• Ensuring data privacy and security: Developing a robust incident response plan to quickly address and mitigate data breaches or security incidents.
  • Encryption: Implementing strong encryption protocols (e.g., WPA3 for Wi-Fi) to protect data in transit.

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Conclusion

• Potential to revolutionise childhood immunization in India
• Long-term benefits for policy-making and implementation
• Contribution to achieving universal immunization coverage