Recently, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) launched a major offensive against the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Khartoum and Bahri in Sudan.

• 18 months into the civil war, the UN said that more than 20,000 people have been killed and a total of 10,890,722 was internally displaced persons (IDPs) as of October 1.

About Sudan

• Area & Location: Third-largest country in Africa, covering 1,886,068 sq. km. 
• Borders seven countries and has a coastline along the Red Sea.
• Border Sharing: 
  • Egypt : North
  • Eritrea: Northeast
  • Ethiopia: Southeast
  • South Sudan: South
  • The Central African Republic: Southwest
  • Chad: West
  • Libya: Northwest

Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes

Major Geographic Regions

• Nubian Desert (North): Rocky desert area.
• Clay Plains (Central-South): Fertile for agriculture.
• Desert with Sand Dunes (West): Includes the vast Libyan Desert.
• Nile River Valley: Formed by the convergence of the White Nile and Blue Nile at Khartoum.
• Darfur Plateau & Marrah Mountains: Western Sudan, with the highest peak at Deriba crater (3,042 m).
• Red Sea Hills: Rugged hills in the east, with fast streams and a narrow coastal plain along the Red Sea.
• Terrain: Vast plains and plateaus, largely arid with limited vegetation, drained by the Nile River system.
• History: Largest country in Africa and the Arab League until South Sudan seceded in 2011
• War Zones: Khartoum, Bahri, Omdurman, Port Sudan, El Fasher, Darfur & Kordofan