Indian Bisons Count in Debrigarh, Odisha

Recently, Indian Bisons or Gaurs were counted in the first-ever census of the animals conducted in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary.

Key Highlights of the Survey

• Population Count: 659 Indian Bisons (Gaurs) recorded in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha.
• Healthy Breeding Space and relocation :One-third of the Gaur population comprises young individuals, reflecting improved breeding conditions.
  • Post-relocation of 400 families two years ago, meadows have become nutritious habitats for bison.

About Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary

• Location: Bargarh district, Odisha, near the Hirakud Dam on the Mahanadi River.
• Vegetation: Dry deciduous mixed forests.
• Wildlife: Four-horned antelope, Indian leopard, Indian elephant, Sambar, Chital and Gaur (Indian Bison)
• Special Feature:
  • Ushakothi Waterfalls
  • Associated with the freedom fighter Veer Surendra Sai

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About Indian Bison (Gaur): Bos Gaurus

• The Indian Bison, also known as the Gaur, is the largest extant bovine and the tallest wild cattle species in the world. 
• Distribution: These majestic creatures are native to South and Southeast Asia, with the majority of the population residing in India.
• Size: They are massive animals, with adult bulls weighing up to 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) and standing over 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall at the shoulder.
• Appearance: Gaurs have a distinctive dark brown to black coat with a lighter-colored patch on their foreheads. Their horns are large and curved.
• Social Behavior: Gaurs are social animals and live in herds of up to 30 individuals, led by a dominant bull.
• Habitat: Foothills and meadows with abundant food sources like grass, bamboo, siali, palas, and fruit-bearing plants.
  • Evergreen and moist deciduous forests
  • Can also survive in dry deciduous forests
  • Not found in Himalayan regions above 6,000 ft
• Conservation Status:
  • IUCN: Vulnerable
  • CITES: Appendix I
  • Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I.