Recently, Bengaluru-based startup Pixxel successfully launched three high-resolution commercial hyperspectral satellites from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.

About Firefly Constellation

• It is a Satellite Constellation.
• Composition: Comprises six advanced satellites offering the highest resolution in commercial hyperspectral imaging.
• Launch: Satellites launched from the Vandenberg Space Force Base, California.
• Capabilities:
• • Detects detailed spectral fingerprints of objects across various wavelengths.
  • Identifies specific characteristics like plant health, soil quality, and pollution levels.
• Significance: Supports applications in environmental conservation, disaster management, and precision agriculture.
• Global Impact: Aims to revolutionize data-driven insights with unparalleled imaging accuracy.
• Watershed moment: The ‘Firefly’ constellation also marks a watershed moment in India’s space journey as the nation’s first commercial satellite constellation.

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About Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite (HSI)

• Functionality: Analyses a wide spectrum of light across multiple wavelengths instead of focusing on primary colors (red, green, blue).
• Spectral Fingerprinting: Captures detailed spectral signatures of objects, enabling more in-depth analysis compared to traditional imaging.
• Enhanced Capabilities: Goes beyond identifying objects to analyzing their specific characteristics.
  • Example: While traditional satellites identify a forest, HSI satellites can:
    • Differentiate tree species.
    • Assess the health of individual trees.

About Satellite Constellation

• Definition: A network of identical artificial satellites designed to operate as a unified system.
• Functionality:
  • Communicates with global ground stations.
  • Interconnects satellites to enhance collective performance.
• Examples of Satellite Constellation:
  • OneWeb: Provides global broadband services with nearly 700 satellites.
  • GPS Constellation (USA): Enables global navigation and positioning services.
  • Starlink:  It is the largest Satellite Constellation which operates 2,146 active satellites, making it the largest satellite constellation globally.