Answer:

Introduction:

Sir M. Visvesvaraya, renowned for his contributions in water engineering, and Dr. M. S. Swaminathan, a distinguished agricultural scientist, have significantly benefited India through their pioneering work. Visvesvaraya’s expertise in water management and Swaminathan’s advancements in agricultural science have brought about transformative changes in the country.

Body:

Water Engineering – Sir M. Visvesvaraya:

• Krishna Raja Sagara Dam: Visvesvaraya’s construction of the Krishna Raja Sagara Dam in Karnataka revolutionized irrigation, ensuring a reliable water supply for agricultural lands.
• Mysore State Flood Report: His Mysore State Flood Report in 1909 provided crucial insights on flood management and proposed effective measures for constructing reservoirs and dams.
• Water Conservation: Visvesvaraya’s emphasis on water conservation led to the adoption of innovative techniques, such as building an extensive network of anicuts and canals, particularly in drought-prone regions of Karnataka.

Agricultural Science – Dr. M. S. Swaminathan:

• Green Revolution: Swaminathan’s pivotal role in the Green Revolution introduced high-yielding variety seeds, improved farming practices, and modern technologies, significantly increasing agricultural productivity.
• Crop Improvement: His research focused on developing high-yielding and disease-resistant crop varieties, such as the “Swarna” rice variety, improving yields and ensuring food security.
• Farmers’ Empowerment: Swaminathan championed farmer-centric policies, establishment of the National Agricultural Research System, and knowledge transfer, empowering farmers and rural communities.

Conclusion:

Sir M. Visvesvaraya’s contributions in water engineering and Dr. M. S. Swaminathan’s advancements in agricultural science have revolutionized water management, irrigation, and farming practices in India. Their legacies continue to shape sustainable development, ensuring food security and empowering farmers for a prosperous future.