Answer:

(i)      Law and ethics: Law refers to the set of rules and regulations enforced by a government or authority, whereas ethics refers to a set of moral principles or values that guide an individual or a group’s behavior. Law and ethics can intersect, but they are not the same. Laws are mandatory and enforced by the government, and a violation of the law can result in legal action. Ethics, on the other hand, are voluntary and not enforced by the government, but rather by an individual’s moral compass.

(ii)     Ethical management and management of ethics: Ethical management refers to the practice of incorporating ethical principles and values into business decision-making and operations. It is focused on ensuring that the company operates ethically and with integrity. On the other hand, management of ethics refers to the process of creating, implementing, and maintaining ethical policies and practices within an organization.

(iii)    Discrimination and preferential treatment: Discrimination refers to the unfair treatment of an individual or group based on their characteristics such as race, gender, religion, age, etc. Preferential treatment, on the other hand, is the granting of special privileges or opportunities to an individual or group based on their characteristics. Discrimination is often illegal, while preferential treatment can be used in certain circumstances such as affirmative action policies.

(iv)    Personal Ethics and Professional Ethics: Personal ethics refers to an individual’s moral beliefs and values that guide their personal behavior and decision-making. Professional ethics, on the other hand, are the principles and values that govern the behavior of individuals in a professional setting. Professional ethics may differ from personal ethics, as professionals are held to higher standards of conduct and must adhere to specific codes of ethics within their profession.