Health, Nutrition and Population Trends of Scheduled Tribes
Context:
In the recent study “Population, Health and NutritionProfiles of Scheduled Tribes in India”, published by LANCET, researchers provide a detailed analysis of the health, nutrition, and population trends of Scheduled Tribes (STs) from 2016 to 2021.
About Study:
The study offers an overview of the performance metrics for STs based on 129 parameters.
Drawing from the National Family Health Surveys from 2016 and 2021, the study finds that there is a noticeable improvement in the health and welfare metrics of STs.
The 2011 Census recorded over 104 million (8.6%) STs spread across 705 recognised ethnic groups.
Findings:
Non-STs vs STs:
In 2021, the non-ST population outperformed the ST population in 81 out of 129 indicators.
The 48 indicators on which STs surpassed non-STs include overall gender balance, gender balance at birth, use of family planning methods, etc.
Under Five Mortality Rate: It was alarmingly high, with 50 out of every 1,000 children not reaching their fifth birthday.
Child Malnutrition: More than 40% of ST children under five were stunted, with a similar percentage being underweight.
New Challenges for STs: From 2016 to 2021, there was a significant rise in high blood pressure levels among men and women aged 15–49.
Major Improvements:
Access to improved sanitation facilities.
More births were being attended to by skilled health personnel.
Full vaccination coverage among children aged 12–23 months.
The civil registration of births increased from 76% in 2016 to 88% in 2021.
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