Context:

Recently, the regional commissioner of Mysore was directed to clear illegal constructions in the Bandipur Eco Sensitive Zone (ESZ) as they were in violation of the law.

About Eco-Sensitive Zones

• ESZs are protected and environmentally sensitive areas where certain activities and land uses are regulated to minimize human impact and protect the ecology and wildlife.
• These zones are established under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, to create a buffer around national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and other ecologically fragile areas.
• Regulation of Activities:
  • Prohibited: Commercial mining, major hydroelectric projects etc.
  • Regulated: Establishment of hotels and resorts, felling of trees etc.
  • Permitted: Organic farming, horticulture practices etc.

Bandipur Tiger Reserve:

• It was established as one of the first nine tiger reserves under the Project Tiger in 1973-74.
• Location: It lies in Western Ghats in Karnataka, in the tri-junction area of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• Surrounded by: 
  • Wayanad  Wildlife Sanctuary (Kerala) in Southwest.
  • Mudumalai Tiger Reserve (Tamil Nadu) in the South.
  • Nagarhole Tiger Reserve (Karnataka) in North-West (separated by Kabini Reservoir).
  • Together these 4 areas are part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
• Rivers: Kabini River in the North, Moya River in the South. Nugu River also runs through the reserve.
• Peaks: Himavad Gopalaswamy Betta is the highest peak of the reserve.

News Source: The Hindu