India recorded all-time high of 93% DPT3 immunization coverage in 2022: WHO

19 Jul 2023

Context: 

The projections for national immunization coverage for 2022 from WHO and UNICEF have recently been made public.

Key Highlights: 

Inclusion in India: 

  • Current status: In 2022, India had 93 percent of its 22.5 million babies covered, against surpassing the previous pre-pandemic best of 91% recorded in 2019,  from the 85% recorded in 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO).
  • Protection: A group of combination vaccines known as DPT protects against the three human infectious illnesses diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.
  • Doses: For kids under the age of 7, this vaccination is given to them in three doses.
  • Benchmark in evaluation: When evaluating how well nations are doing at providing children with normal immunization services, the coverage of this vaccine is frequently employed.

About Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus(DPT)-

  • Diphtheria:It is a serious infection caused by strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae that make a toxin.
    • Mode of spread:The  bacteria spread from person to person, usually through respiratory droplets, like from coughing or sneezing. People can also get sick from touching infected open sores or ulcers.
  • Pertussis:Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a very contagious respiratory illness caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella pertussis.
    • Mode of Spread:The bacteria that cause whooping cough spread easily from person to person through the air. When a person who has whooping cough sneezes or coughs, they can release small particles with the bacteria in them.
  • Tetanus: Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacterium called Clostridium tetani. Spores of tetanus bacteria are everywhere in the environment, including soil, dust, and manure.The spores develop into bacteria when they enter the body.
    • Mode of Spread:Unlike other vaccine-preventable diseases, tetanus is not spread from person to person.The spores can get into someone’s body through broken skin, usually through injuries.
Universal Immunization Programme

  • Genesis: In 1978, the Expanded Programme on Immunisation was introduced. When its reach was extended outside of metropolitan areas in 1985, it was redesignated as the Universal Immunisation Programme.
  • Vaccines covered: Under UIP, immunization is being provided free of cost against 12 vaccine preventable diseases: Nationally against 11 diseases: Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Rubella, severe form of Childhood Tuberculosis, Rotavirus diarrhea, Hepatitis B, Meningitis & Pneumonia caused by Hemophilus Influenza type B and Pneumococcal Pneumonia and sub-nationally against 1 disease – Japanese Encephalitis (JE vaccine is provided only in endemic districts). 
World Health Organization (WHO) 

Formation: 7 April 1948

Type:         United Nations specialized agency

Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

Parent organization: United Nations Economic and Social Council

Mandate: to promote health and safety while helping the vulnerable worldwide.

United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund(UNICEF) 

Formation: 11 December 1946

Headquarters: New York City, New York, U.S.

Parent organization: United Nations General Assembly

Mandate: to advocate for the protection of children’s rights, to help meet their basic needs and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential.

News Source: The Hindu

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UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now !
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध

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