Indian Bisons Count in Debrigarh, Odisha

20 Nov 2024

Indian Bisons Count in Debrigarh, Odisha

Recently, Indian Bisons or Gaurs were counted in the first-ever census of the animals conducted in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary.

Key Highlights of the Survey

  • Population Count: 659 Indian Bisons (Gaurs) recorded in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha.
  • Healthy Breeding Space and relocation :One-third of the Gaur population comprises young individuals, reflecting improved breeding conditions.
    • Post-relocation of 400 families two years ago, meadows have become nutritious habitats for bison.

About Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary

Indian Bisons

  • Location: Bargarh district, Odisha, near the Hirakud Dam on the Mahanadi River.
  • Vegetation: Dry deciduous mixed forests.
  • Wildlife: Four-horned antelope, Indian leopard, Indian elephant, Sambar, Chital and Gaur (Indian Bison)
  • Special Feature:
    • Ushakothi Waterfalls
    • Associated with the freedom fighter Veer Surendra Sai

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About Indian Bison (Gaur): Bos Gaurus

  • The Indian Bison, also known as the Gaur, is the largest extant bovine and the tallest wild cattle species in the world. 
  • Distribution: These majestic creatures are native to South and Southeast Asia, with the majority of the population residing in India.
  • Size: They are massive animals, with adult bulls weighing up to 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) and standing over 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall at the shoulder.
  • Appearance: Gaurs have a distinctive dark brown to black coat with a lighter-colored patch on their foreheads. Their horns are large and curved.
  • Social Behavior: Gaurs are social animals and live in herds of up to 30 individuals, led by a dominant bull.
  • Habitat: Foothills and meadows with abundant food sources like grass, bamboo, siali, palas, and fruit-bearing plants.
    • Evergreen and moist deciduous forests
    • Can also survive in dry deciduous forests
    • Not found in Himalayan regions above 6,000 ft
  • Conservation Status:
    • IUCN: Vulnerable
    • CITES: Appendix I
    • Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I.

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