Recently, in the UNION BUDGET 2024-25 Government launched the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Unnat Gram Abhiyan to improve the socio-economic conditions of tribal communities.
About Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan
- AIM: To provide universal coverage for tribal households in tribal majority villages and aspirational districts, covering 63,000 villages and benefiting 5 crore tribal people.
- Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
- This scheme is designed after the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan(PM-JANMAN) to achieve saturation of basic facilities for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups, will be for Scheduled Tribe populations across the country
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About PM JANMAN Yojana
- Launch: The PM Janman Yojana was launched on Janjatiya Gaurav Divas (15th November 2023) in Jharkhand to commemorate the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Birsa Munda.
- Objective: To focus on the development of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) who have been left out by the schemes of various Ministries/Departments.
- Nodal ministry: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
- Critical interventions: The PM JANMAN Yojana (comprising Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes) focuses on 11 critical interventions through 9 Ministries which are as follows:
- Provision of pucca houses
- Connecting roads
- Piped water supply/Community water supply
- Mobile Medical Units with medicine cost
- Construction of hostels
- Construction of Anganwadi Centers
- Construction of Multipurpose Centers (MPC)Energization of habitations/households (Last mile connectivity) through
- grid
- solar Power off-grid
- Setting up of Van Dhan Vikas Kendras
- Installation of mobile towers
About Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups PVTGs
- As per the recommendation of the Dhebar Commission in 1973, the Government of India created a separate category of Tribes ie. Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs), who were less developed among the tribal groups in 1975.
- In 2006, the Government of India renamed the PTGs as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
- Criteria for Identification:
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- Pre-agricultural level of technology
- Low level of literacy
- Economic backwardness
- A declining or stagnant population.
- Population: According to the 2011 Census, there are 2.8 million Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups belonging to 75 tribes across 22,544 villages in 220 districts across 18 states and Union Territories in India.
- PVTG of Sahariyas has the highest population while Sentinels and Andamanese have the smallest.
- Total PVTG tribes in India: 75 PVTGs spread over 17 states and one Union Territory (UT) with Odisha supporting 13 PVTG groups with No PVTG found in Punjab and Haryana.
- The largest PVTG is Odisha’s Saura community.
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