Mixed Member Proportional Voting System – A Leaf Out of New Zealand’s Voting System

Mixed Member Proportional Voting System – A Leaf Out of New Zealand’s Voting System 6 Nov 2023

Mixed Member Proportional Voting System – A Leaf Out of New Zealand’s Voting System

Context:

  • This article is based on an Editorial “A leaf out of New Zealand’s voting system” which was published in the Hindu. Odisha’s unique set-up of concurrent Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections demonstrates the electorate’s differentiated political choices. It means, voters cast both their votes on the same day, but split their voting patterns. 
Relevancy for Prelims: Split Voting System and Mixed Member Proportional Voting System or MMP Voting System.

Relevancy for Mains:  Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) Voting System, Its associated advantages and challenges

What is the Split Voting System?

  • Voters’ Preference: It is a system that allows voters to choose candidates based on merit while ensuring that their party preference determines legislative composition such as in New Zealand. 
  • Allocation of Votes: Allocating votes to two different parties is a split vote.
  • Followed In: India follows the first-past-the-post voting system, while New Zealand uses the mixed member proportional voting system. 

What is the Mixed Member Proportional Voting System?

  • Simultaneous Two Votes: Under Mixed Member Proportional Voting System or MMP Voting System, voters cast two votes- a ‘party vote’ that determines the overall composition of the Parliament and an ‘electorate vote’ to elect a local MP for their geographical constituency. 
  • Representation: It allows a voter to choose a candidate from a different party if they don’t like the local candidate from their preferred party. 
    • The electorate vote does not alter the overall party representation in Parliament.
      • As per the Electoral Commission of New Zealand, 31.86% of votes in 2020 were split votes, from 27.33% in 2017.
  • Switch Seats: In a switch seat, voters pick a candidate from one party but give their party vote to another, meaning the elected local MP comes from a party that doesn’t secure the majority of party votes.

What advantages of the Mixed Member Proportional Voting System?

  • Accountability: It allows for more localized accountability for elected representatives. 
  • Focused: It allows more policy focus. 
  • Inclusiveness: It improves representation for women, indigenous communities, differently abled people, and other deprived groups. 
    • Before Mixed Member Proportional Voting System’s introduction, New Zealand had only a 21% representation of women in 1993; now, 51% of MPs are women. 
  • Democracy: It enhances democracy by providing voters to express a diverse range of political preferences. 
  • Flexibility: It provides flexibility, as both party and candidate are chosen by voters in a mutually exclusive manner with no effect on each other. 
  • Youth Empowerment: After the introduction of Mixed Member Proportional Voting System, the average age of an MP in New Zealand has considerably declined. It was 47.3 years in the 2020 elections. This has been possible because of the low entry barrier for young politicians due to split voting choices.

Also Read:  Scope of Approval Voting in India

Conclusion:

The adoption of a Mixed Member Proportional Voting System, inspired by New Zealand’s successful model, could offer India a more accountable, inclusive, and flexible electoral framework.

 

Prelims Question (2017)

Consider the following statements:

1. In the election for Lok Sabha or State Assembly, the winning candidate must get at least 50 percent of the votes polled, to be declared elected.

2. According to the provisions laid down in the Constitution of India, in LokSabha, the Speaker’s post goes to the majority party and the Deputy Speaker’s to the Opposition.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: (d)

 

Mains Question:  Discuss the differences between India’s first-past-the-post voting system and New Zealand’s mixed member proportional voting system, and evaluate the potential advantages and drawbacks of implementing a split voting system in the Indian electoral framework. (250 words, 15 Marks)

    

Archive Calendar

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
 123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021222324
25262728293031

Need help preparing for UPSC or State PSCs?

Connect with our experts to get free counselling & start preparing

Know about Physics Wallah

Physics Wallah is an Indian online education platform, that provides accessible & comprehensive learning experiences to students of classes 6 to 12 and those preparing for JEE and NEET exams. We also provide extensive NCERT solutions, sample papers, NEET, JEE Mains, BITSAT previous year papers, which makes us a one-stop solution for all resources. Physics Wallah also caters to over 3.5 million registered students and over 78 lakh+ Youtube subscribers with 4.8 rating on its app.

We Stand Out because

We successfully provide students with intensive courses by India's qualified & experienced faculties. PW strives to make the learning experience comprehensive and accessible for students of all sections of society. We believe in empowering every single student who couldn't dream of a good career in engineering and medical field earlier.

Our Key Focus Areas

Physics Wallah’s main focus is to create accessible learning experiences for students all over India. With courses like Lakshya, Udaan, Arjuna & many others, we have been able to provide a ready solution for lakhs of aspirants. From providing Chemistry, Maths, Physics formulae to giving e-books of eminent authors, PW aims to provide reliable solutions for student prep.

What Makes Us Different

Physics Wallah strives to develop a comprehensive pedagogical structure for students, where they get a state-of-the-art learning experience with study material and resources. Apart from catering students preparing for JEE Mains and NEET, PW also provides study material for each state board like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and others.

Aiming for UPSC?

Download Our App

# #
Quick Revise Now !
AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD SOON
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now !
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध

<div class="new-fform">






    </div>

    Subscribe our Newsletter
    Sign up now for our exclusive newsletter and be the first to know about our latest Initiatives, Quality Content, and much more.
    *Promise! We won't spam you.
    Yes! I want to Subscribe.