Myanmar Refugees in India: Balancing Security and Humanitarianism

Context: 

This editorial is based on the news “Along the India-Myanmar border, living in a limbo” which was published in the Hindu. The aftermath of the 2021 military coup in Myanmar has seen refugees seeking shelter in India’s Mizoram. This article delves into the ethnic connections and individual stories of those displaced.

Myanmar Refugees in India

• 2021 Coup: Myanmar’s military coup led to violence and an influx of refugees into neighbouring India.
• Ethnic Ties: India’s border states like Mizoram share close ethnic ties with Myanmar communities, easing refugee entry.
• Free Movement: The Free Movement Regime allowed 16km cross-border access, aiding displaced Chins and Nagas.

Location of Myanmar

Assistance to Myanmar Refugees in India

• Refugee Numbers: Approximately 35,000 refugees entered Mizoram, with numbers varying due to border violence.
• Community Aid: Shelter and aid have been provided by Mizoram’s community groups, NGOS, and churches.
• Limited Support: Despite the cultural affinity, the Indian government has not provided monetary assistance.

Myanmar Refugees in India: Challenges and Concerns

• Uncertain Future: Refugees face uncertainty, fearing border fencing may hinder future refuge and ties.
• India’s Dilemma: India grapples with security and resources, balancing local community needs and border control.
• State Disparities: Mizoram attributes border fencing decisions to Manipur’s domestic issues, not refugee influx.

Humanitarian Response to Myanmar Refugees in India

• Shared Bonds: Locals emphasise their humanitarian duty towards displaced persons with shared ethnic bonds.
• Community Action: Civil society actors oppose border fencing, prioritising the welfare of kin fleeing conflict.

Strategic and Humanitarian Dilemmas to  Myanmar Refugees in India

• Geographic Complexities: The refugee issue introduces geographic challenges for India’s Northeast region.
• Ethnic Considerations: Ethnic and security considerations add layers to India’s strategic approach.
• Stakeholder Interests: Managing the interests of diverse stakeholders is crucial in this delicate situation.