Madhavi Gaur
September 02, 2023 11:48
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GDP of Indian States: India's economy is expected to grow between 6.0% to 6.8% in 2023-24. Know GDP of different states in India, per person income, and find out which states have the highest and lowest GDP.
GDP of Indian States: India, known for its diversity, exhibits a spectrum of economic development across its states. Notably, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh stand out as leading contributors to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), whereas Bihar and Jharkhand register comparatively lower GDP figures.
India, a diverse nation comprising 28 states, seven union territories, and a national capital territory (NCT), plays a dynamic role in the global economic landscape. While the GDP of India in 2024 has reached $3.75 trillion, the GDP of individual Indian states offers a nuanced view of growth and development across regions. Examining both the GDP and per capita GDP of Indian states provides insights into each state and territory’s economic performance and growth rate.
As per the first advance estimates of national income released by the National Statistical Office (NSO), Indian economy is estimated to grow by 7.3 per cent in the 2023-24 fiscal against 7.2 per cent a year ago, mainly due to good show by mining and quarrying, manufacturing and certain segments of services sectors.
The growth in gross value added (GVA) at basic prices is pegged at 6.9 per cent this fiscal, down from 7 per cent in 2022-23.
GDP, or gross domestic product, measures the value of all goods and services produced in a specific region. GDP per capita, on the other hand, represents the average economic output per person in a country, calculated by dividing the total GDP by its population. Both parameters offer a comprehensive understanding of the wealth held by the population in a particular region, making the ranking by the GDP of Indian states a valuable indicator of each state’s economic standing.
The Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) and per capita GDP of Indian states provide insightful metrics reflecting the financial health and prosperity of the nation in a fiscal year. Below is a table ranking Indian states alphabetically by GDP.
| Rank & State | Projected GSDP (Rs Lakh Crore) (FY 2023-24) | Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (Rs Lakh) (FY 2022-23) |
|---|---|---|
| #1 Andhra Pradesh | 14.49 | 2.19 |
| #2 Arunachal Pradesh | 0.37 | 2.05 |
| #3 Assam | 5.67 | 1.18 |
| #4 Bihar | 8.59 | 0.54 |
| #5 Chhattisgarh | 5.07 | 1.33 |
| #6 Delhi | 10.4 | 2.72 |
| #7 Goa | 1 | 4.72 |
| #8 Gujarat | 25.62 | 2.41 |
| #9 Haryana | 11.2 | 2.96 |
| #10 Himachal Pradesh | 2.14 | 2.22 |
| #11 Jammu & Kashmir (UT) | 2.3 | 1.32 |
| #12 Jharkhand | 4.23 | 0.91 |
| #13 Karnataka | 25 | 3.01 |
| #14 Kerala | 11.3 | 2.33 |
| #15 Madhya Pradesh | 13.87 | 1.4 |
| #16 Maharashtra | 38.79 | 2.24 |
| #17 Manipur | 0.45 | 0.91 |
| #18 Meghalaya | 0.46 | 0.98 |
| #19 Mizoram | 0.35 | 1.98 |
| #20 Nagaland | 0.37 | 1.25 |
| #21 Odisha | 8.65 | 1.5 |
| #22 Punjab | 6.98 | 1.73 |
| #23 Rajasthan | 15.7 | 1.56 |
| #24 Sikkim | 0.42 | 5.19 |
| #25 Telangana | 14 | 3.08 |
| #26 Tripura | 0.26 | 1.59 |
| #27 Uttar Pradesh | 24.39 | 0.83 |
| #28 Uttarakhand | 3.33 | 2.33 |
| #29 West Bengal | 17.19 | 1.41 |
(Note: Data as of 2020-21 for Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu; Data as of 2019-20 for Chandigarh)
Here is a list of the per capita GDP of Indian States based on the Per Capita Net State Domestic Product at Current Prices (2011-12 Series).
| S. No | State | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 219653 | NA | NA |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | 169320 | 176707 | 207771 |
| 2 | Arunachal Pradesh | 182240 | 192360 | NA |
| 3 | Assam | 90123 | 86857 | NA |
| 4 | Bihar | 44230 | 43605 | 49470 |
| 30 | Chandigarh | 328002 | 292977 | NA |
| 5 | Chhattisgarh | 105089 | 104943 | NA |
| 31 | Delhi | 356151 | 344136 | 401982 |
| 6 | Goa | 435949 | 431351 | NA |
| 7 | Gujarat | 212428 | 212821 | NA |
| 8 | Haryana | 240507 | 235707 | 274635 |
| 9 | Himachal Pradesh | 185728 | 183333 | 201854 |
| 32 | Jammu & Kashmir-U.T. | 101891 | 102803 | 121000 |
| 10 | Jharkhand | 75016 | 71071 | 78660 |
| 11 | Karnataka | 222002 | 236451 | 278786 |
| 12 | Kerala | 213041 | 205067 | 230601 |
| 13 | Madhya Pradesh | 103103 | 104894 | 124685 |
| 14 | Maharashtra | 196100 | 193121 | NA |
| 15 | Manipur | 82437 | 87832 | NA |
| 16 | Meghalaya | 87653 | 84638 | 90638 |
| 17 | Mizoram | 153902 | 144394 | NA |
| 18 | Nagaland | 122759 | 123385 | NA |
| 19 | Odisha | 103512 | 101501 | 124669 |
| 33 | Puducherry | 217138 | 206888 | 214913 |
| 20 | Punjab | 154385 | 149894 | 162112 |
| 21 | Rajasthan | 115356 | 115933 | 135218 |
| 22 | Sikkim | 412627 | 412754 | 472543 |
| 23 | Tamil Nadu | 206165 | 212174 | 241131 |
| 24 | Telangana | 231378 | 231103 | 275443 |
| 25 | Tripura | 121456 | 119789 | 140803 |
| 26 | Uttar Pradesh | 65666 | 61666 | 68810 |
| 27 | Uttarakhand | 188441 | 182698 | 196282 |
| 28 | West Bengal | 113163 | 121267 | NA |
Now, let’s take a closer look at the top 10 states in India by GDP. Population data is sourced from the last Population Census of India conducted in 2011, while FDI information is obtained from Invest India.
Maharashtra stands as the pinnacle of India’s economic landscape, contributing approximately 14.4% to the nation’s GDP. Boasting a diverse economy, Maharashtra thrives in sectors like manufacturing, finance, and services. Its capital, Mumbai, serves as India’s financial hub, housing major financial institutions and industries. The state’s economic success is further propelled by substantial foreign investments and a robust infrastructure network. The Maharashtra government has proactively implemented policies and initiatives, establishing the state as an attractive destination for both domestic and international investors.
Bihar, in contrast, grapples with economic challenges and holds one of the lowest GDP contributions in India at approximately 3.1%. The state faces issues such as poverty, unemployment, and underdeveloped infrastructure, hampering its economic progress. Predominantly reliant on agriculture, Bihar’s economy is significantly influenced by the monsoon season. Despite these challenges, the state government has initiated measures to boost economic development, including efforts to attract investment, develop infrastructure, and promote entrepreneurship. Recent years have seen modest improvements, marked by increased investment in sectors like manufacturing, tourism, and renewable energy.
The GDP of Indian states is shaped by a myriad of factors, including natural resources, infrastructure, human capital, and governmental policies. States with robust manufacturing, service, and financial sectors typically exhibit higher GDP figures compared to those heavily dependent on agriculture. External elements, such as global economic and political dynamics, also impact GDP growth. Governmental intervention is critical, with policies encouraging investment, entrepreneurship, and innovation. However, regional economic imbalances persist, presenting a considerable challenge for policymakers to address.
Understanding the GDP of Indian states holds significance in the UPSC Syllabus, serving as a crucial indicator of a state’s economic development. The exam frequently includes questions related to the GDP contributions of various Indian states, their role in the national GDP, and their comparative economic performance over time. Aspirants are expected to possess a nuanced understanding of factors influencing economic growth, encompassing infrastructure, natural resources, human capital, and governmental strategies. Awareness of regional economic disparities and the government’s initiatives to mitigate them is also essential.
For comprehensive UPSC exam preparation, consider exploring the official PWOnlyIAS UPSC Online Coaching website. It provides valuable insights on effective preparation strategies and offers UPSC Mock Tests for Prelims 2024. These mock tests serve as a valuable tool for self-assessment, helping you gauge your readiness for the upcoming exam.
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