Answer:

Introduction:

The safety of aviation has always been a paramount concern in the global transportation sector. With the increasing frequency of aviation-related accidents, it is imperative to examine the underlying causes and discuss the measures that can be taken to enhance aviation safety, particularly by the Government of India.

Body:

Underlying Causes of Aviation-Related Accidents

Contrary to the perception of increasing aviation accidents globally, 2023 was a year marked by record-low accidents and fatalities in commercial aviation. According to a safety review by Adrian Young of the Dutch air-safety organization To70, 2023 witnessed only two fatal accidents, a significant decrease from six in 2022. These incidents, involving propeller aircraft on domestic flights, were largely attributed to high workload and stress on the flight deck in the case of the Nepal crash, and bad weather in the Brazil crash. This indicates that human factors like stress and external elements such as weather conditions play critical roles in aviation accidents​​.

Steps for Government of India to Enhance Aviation Safety

Given the distinct aviation landscape in India, the Government of India faces unique challenges and opportunities to enhance aviation safety:

• Infrastructure Improvement: India’s rapidly expanding air carriers and growing demand for air travel necessitate urgent upgrades in airport and air traffic infrastructure. Issues like inadequate runway markings, signage, lighting, and incorrect rubber removal procedures on runways need immediate attention.
• Air Traffic Control Systems: With more air traffic, the need for advanced air traffic control systems and qualified personnel becomes crucial. This includes building control towers and designing systems to cope with increased traffic.
• Fuel Quality and Regional Airport Development: Commercial and business aircraft operators need to be cautious when operating in less developed areas. Ensuring consistent fuel quality across the country is also vital.
• Adherence to International Standards: The Government of India is striving to follow the International Civil Aviation Organization’s standards and recommended practices. However, effective oversight and qualified personnel are essential for real improvement in infrastructure and safety standards​​.
• Increased Surveillance and Enforcement: In 2023, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) conducted a record 5,745 surveillance activities, including planned surveillances, spot checks, and night surveillance. This marked a 26% increase from the previous year. Additionally, there was a 77% increase in enforcement actions against non-compliant personnel and operators, indicating a stringent approach towards regulatory compliance​​.

Conclusion:

While the global trend in aviation safety is improving, the challenges in India’s aviation sector are unique due to its vast population and rapid growth. The Government of India’s efforts in infrastructure improvement, enhancing air traffic control systems, ensuring consistent fuel quality, and adhering to international standards, along with increased surveillance and enforcement, are vital steps towards mitigating risks and elevating aviation safety. Proactive measures in these areas will not only enhance safety but also instill greater confidence in India’s aviation sector.