Answer: 

Introduction:

The Circum-Pacific Zone, also known as the Ring of Fire, is a region surrounding the Pacific Ocean characterized by high seismic and volcanic activity.

Body:

Characteristics of Circum- Pacific Zone:

• Formation: The Circum-Pacific zone was formed by the subduction of oceanic plates beneath the continents and islands surrounding the Pacific Ocean, resulting in volcanic activity and seismic activity.
• Location: The Circum-Pacific zone is a nearly continuous chain of volcanoes that surrounds the Pacific Ocean, passing along the west coast of North and South America, Asia, and Oceania.
• Formation of Hotspot: The formation of hotspots in the Circum-Pacific zone is facilitated by the rising of heat from areas deep within the Earth’s mantle, which causes the melting of rock in the upper portion of the mantle. This melted rock, called magma, often pushes through the crust to form volcanoes.
• Volcanoes and earthquakes: The Circum-Pacific zone is home to more than 75% of Earth’s volcanoes, including famous ones like Mount Fuji in Japan and Krakatau in Indonesia. It also experiences around 90% of the world’s earthquakes, including some of the most powerful ones in history, due to its location along tectonic plate boundaries.

Conclusion:

Geophysical characteristics of the Circum-Pacific Zone make it a region of significant geological activity and hazards, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. These characteristics are essential for ensuring the safety and resilience of the communities living in this region.