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“Millets are not just crops, they are the future of food security.” Recognized by the United Nations as the International Year of Millets (2023), these ancient grains are nutritious, drought-resistant, and require minimal inputs. In India, millets can play a crucial role in addressing malnutrition, ensuring nutritional security, and enhancing agricultural sustainability in a changing climate.

Role of Millets in Ensuring Health Security in India

• Antioxidant-Rich Composition: Millets contain antioxidants that reduce oxidative stress, helping prevent chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer.
  For example: Ragi is rich in antioxidants, supporting overall cellular health.
• Gluten-Free Alternative: Millets are naturally gluten-free, making them suitable for individuals with celiac disease or gluten intolerance.
  For instance: Jowar is widely used as a gluten-free grain in India.
• High Fibre Content: Millets are rich in dietary fibre, aiding digestion, preventing constipation, and promoting gut health.
  For example: Bajra contains high fibre, supporting a healthy digestive system.
• Stabilising Blood Sugar Levels: Millets have a low glycemic index, helping regulate blood sugar, which is crucial for diabetes management.
• Cardiovascular Benefits: Millets help lower cholesterol levels and improve heart health due to their nutrient composition.
  For example: Pearl millet is associated with reducing bad cholesterol levels.
• Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Millets contain compounds that reduce inflammation, which helps in conditions like arthritis.
  For instance: The anti-inflammatory properties of finger millet benefit those with inflammatory disorders.

Role of Millets in Ensuring Nutritional Security in India

• Protein-Rich Source: Millets are a good source of plant-based protein, supporting muscle development and overall body function.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Millets are packed with essential vitamins like B-complex and minerals such as magnesium, zinc, and iron, contributing to overall health.
  For instance: Bajra is rich in magnesium, which aids bone health and nerve function.
• Combating Anaemia: Millets, rich in iron, effectively combat iron-deficiency anaemia, especially in women and children.
• Essential Fatty Acids: Millets provide healthy fats, important for brain function and maintaining healthy skin.
  For example: Sorghum contains essential fatty acids necessary for metabolism.
• Micronutrient Rich: Millets provide vital micronutrients, ensuring balanced nutrition, especially in nutrient-deficient populations.
  For example: Pearl millet is abundant in iron and zinc, crucial for immune function.
• Sustained Energy Levels: Millets provide slow-releasing carbohydrates, ensuring a steady energy supply throughout the day.
  For instance: Foxtail millet helps maintain energy for long durations, preventing energy crashes.

Millets are not only crucial for nutritional security but also for achieving climate resilience in India’s agriculture. A future-oriented approach that emphasises millet cultivation, awareness, and innovation can make millets a cornerstone of India’s food security strategy. Through concerted government efforts, policy support, and public engagement, India can unlock the potential of millets, ensuring sustainable nutrition for future generations while empowering farmers and conserving natural resources.