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March 28, 2024 617 0
Introduction
The Indian federal system is a form of governance in which power is divided between a central authority and individual states or regions within the country. The Indian federal system was established to address the vast size and diverse cultural landscape of the country, aiming to balance national unity with regional autonomy. Despite being referred to as a “Union of States” rather than a “Federation,” India’s federal system is inspired by the Canadian model, featuring a strong central government with a tendency towards centralization.
Political Scientists and Description of Indian Federation
Difference Between Federal and Unitary Feature of Indian Constitution
Federal | Unitary |
Dual Government (National government + Regional government). | Single government (the national government, which may create regional governments). |
Written Constitution. | The Constitution may be written (France) or unwritten (Britain). |
Division of powers between national and regional governments. | No division of powers. All powers are vested in the national government. |
Supremacy of the Constitution. | The Constitution may be supreme (Japan) or may not be supreme (Britain). |
Rigid Constitution. | The Constitution may be rigid (France) or flexible (Britain). |
Independent judiciary.
[UPSC 2021] |
The judiciary may be independent or may not be independent. |
Bicameral legislature. | Legislature may be bicameral (Britain) or unicameral (China). |
Unitary Features of the Constitution
Strong Centre | States not Indestructible | Single Constitution |
Flexible Constitution | No equality of State Representation | Emergency provisions |
Single citizenship | Integrated judiciary | All-India Series |
Integrated Audit Machinery | Parliamentary authority over State List | Appointment of Governor |
Integrated Election Machinery | Veto over State Bills |
Trends in the working of the Indian political system reflect its federal spirit
Constitutional Government: Limits, Principles, and the Empowerment of Citizens
Conclusion
Must Read | |
NCERT Notes For UPSC | UPSC Daily Current Affairs |
UPSC Blogs | UPSC Daily Editorials |
Daily Current Affairs Quiz | Daily Main Answer Writing |
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