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June 6, 2024 635 0
The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Movement, was a significant civil disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress during World War II. It aimed to demand an end to British colonial rule in India. Launched on August 8, 1942, the movement called for the British to “Quit India” and leave India to its people. It saw widespread participation from Indians across the country, leading to mass protests, strikes, and acts of civil disobedience.
Gandhiji’s General Instructions to Different Sections
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Participants |
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Spread |
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Key Figures |
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Parallel Government | Leader | Activities |
Ballia (August 1942) | Chittu Pandey | He got many Congress leaders released. |
Tamluk (Dec 1942 – Sep 1944) – Midnapore | Jatiya Sarkar | Cyclone relief, school grants, supplying paddy to the poor, organised Vidyut Vahinis. |
Satara (Mid-1943 – 1945) – “Prati Sarkar” | Y.B.Chavan, Nana Patil, etc. | Village libraries, Nyayadan Mandals, prohibition campaigns and ‘Gandhi marriages’ were organised. |
Aspect | Details |
Youth | Students, especially from schools and colleges, played a prominent role. |
Businessmen | Through donations, shelter, and material help. |
Women | Women, particularly school and college girls, actively participated. Included Aruna Asaf Ali, Sucheta Kripalani, and Usha Mehta. |
Workers | Worker Strikes witnessed in Ahmedabad, Bombay, Jamshedpur, Ahmednagar, and Poona. |
Peasants | Peasants from various strata were at the movement’s core. Peasant attacks focused on symbols of authority; notably, no anti-zamindar violence occurred. |
Government Officials | Lower-level government officials, including police, participated, leading to erosion of government loyalty. |
Muslim | Muslims supported the movement by providing shelter to underground activists. No communal clashes occurred during the movement. |
Communists | Communists refrained from joining; their support shifted towards the British war effort after the Nazi attack on Russia. |
Muslim League | The Muslim League opposed the movement, fearing potential oppression of minorities if the British left. |
Hindu Mahasabha | The Hindu Mahasabha boycotted the movement. |
Princely States | Princely states displayed a subdued response to the movement. |
Gandhi’s Fast and Pakistan Day
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The Famine of 1943
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