{"id":110459,"date":"2024-05-27T20:50:55","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T15:20:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=110459"},"modified":"2024-05-28T16:43:54","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T11:13:54","slug":"virupaksha-temple","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/virupaksha-temple","title":{"rendered":"Virupaksha Temple of Hampi"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>portion of the Virupaksha temple in Karnataka<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> collapsed due to torrential rains recently.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Portion of Hampi\u2019s Virupaksha temple collapses<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The temple\u2019s<\/span><b> pavilion or the saalu mantap<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was damaged as a section of pillars holding it collapsed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Three metres of the 19-metre-long pavilion,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> consisting of four pillars, are damaged due to heavy rain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reason: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The pavilion was constructed <\/span><b>using stone pillars and were subject to very heavy rain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s in the past, due to which <\/span><b>foundation of the pavilion lost its strength<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> gradually, leading to the collapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>About Virupaksha Temple<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Origin and Evolution: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The Virupaksha Temple originated in the 7th century AD, making it the oldest and principal temple in Hampi.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It gained prominence and underwent extensive expansion in the form of the present temple comple<\/span><b>x during\u00a0 14th century under the patronage of\u00a0 Vijayanagara Empire (1336 to 1646).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-110592\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb.webp\" alt=\"Virupaksha Temple\" width=\"548\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb.webp 1620w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/virupaksha-temple-6655ba949caeb-1568x1045.webp 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Presiding Deity: Lord Shiva.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Built by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: This temple complex was <\/span><b>constructed by Lakkan Dandesha, a nayaka (chieftain) of the ruler, Paruda Deva Raya II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during the Vijayanagara rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Location: The temple is located located on the south bank of the river Tungabhadra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in Hampi, Vijaynagara district, Karnataka.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>UNESCO Recognition: It belongs to the Group of Monuments at Hampi, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">declared as a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/unesco-world-heritage-sites-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UNESCO World Heritage Site<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Virupaksha Temple Features:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is also known as the<\/span><b> Pampapathi temple and is the oldest temple in Hampi. The main temple is east facing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and has two large courtyards, one leading to the other.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Mathematical Construction: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Temple\u2019s construction and decoration <\/span><b>shows repeated patterns which depict the concept of fractals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The temple is triangular in shape.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Ranga Mandapa: Krishnadevaraya <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was instrumental in building the <\/span><b>central pillared hall (Ranga Mandapa) in 1510 AD <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0and the gateway tower, which provides access to the inner courtyard of the temple.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Annual Chariot Festival:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>month of December witness the betrothal and marriage ceremonies of Lord Virupaksha and Goddess Pampa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with the annual Chariot festival held.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Architecture Style: Dravidian temple architecture,\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is characterised by<\/span><b> grand gopurams (towering gateways) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">depicting\u00a0 various deities, mythological scenes and animals,\u00a0 the <\/span><b>shikhara<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> towering over the sanctum sanctorum, and the<\/span><b> intricate carvings and pillared halls, an enclosed wall compound and water reservoir.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.233%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 36px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 5576.13%; 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