{"id":113454,"date":"2024-06-12T19:11:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T13:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=113454"},"modified":"2025-02-13T15:59:51","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T10:29:51","slug":"world-fisheries-and-aquaculture-2024","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/world-fisheries-and-aquaculture-2024","title":{"rendered":"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has recently <\/span><b>released<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201cthe State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA) 2024\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> 2024 edition spotlights <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the concrete advances of <\/span><b>Blue Transformation<\/b> <b>in action<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, showcasing the role of FAO, in driving change towards sustainable aquaculture expansion and intensification.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>About State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SOFIA is <\/span><b>an FAO flagship report <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that analyzes the status and health of global fishery stocks as well as trends in fisheries and aquaculture at a global and regional level.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Blue Transformation in Action:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Introduction: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By FAO in \u201cBlue Transformation\u201d vision in 2021.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Aim:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To leverage aquatic food systems, to enhance food security, improve nutrition, etc<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Objectives:\u00a0<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Sustainable aquaculture expansion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to meet global demand, with equitable benefit distribution.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Effective fisheries management <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for healthy stocks and fair livelihoods.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Upgraded aquatic value chains, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ensuring social, economic, and environmental sustainability.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Crucial Insights on the\u00a0 State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The Statistics:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>On Production:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Global fisheries and Aquaculture:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 223.2 million tonnes<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Global Aquaculture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">130.9 million tonnes<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Aquatic Animals: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">185.4 million tonnes\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><b>Region Wise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asia (70%), Europe (9%), Latin America and the Caribbean (9%), Africa (7%), Northern America (3%) and Oceania (1%).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Country Wise:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> China (36%), India (8%), Indonesia (7%), Viet\u202fNam (5%) and Peru (3%)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Algae:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 37.8 million tonnes<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Global Capture Fisheries: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">92.3 million tonnes<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>On Sustainability:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proportion of sustainably fished marine stocks monitored by FAO (2021): <\/span><b>62.3%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proportion of sustainably fished marine stocks level monitored by FAO weighted by production (2021): <\/span><b>78.9%\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><b>On Consumption:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global apparent consumption of<\/span><b> aquatic animal foods (2021)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 162.5 million tonnes<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global apparent consumption of<\/span><b> aquatic foods per capita (2021)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 20.6 kg<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Increase<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in global apparent consumption of aquatic foods per capita: <\/span><b>from 9.1 kg in 1961 to 20.6 in 2021<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>On Employment:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People employed in <\/span><b>primary production: 61.8 million<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Workers by Sector:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Fisheries (54%), Aquaculture (36%), Sector not specified (10%)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Percentage of jobs by region:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Asia (85%), Africa (10%), Latin America and the Caribbean (4%), Europe, Oceania and Northern America combined (1%).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>On Trade:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Top exporters <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of aquatic animal products:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">China, Norway, Viet Nam, Ecuador, Chile<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Top importers <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of aquatic animal products: The United States of America, China, Japan, Spain, France<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Value <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of international trade of aquatic products: USD 195 billion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Rise in Production: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World fisheries and aquaculture production has hit a new high in 2022 with a surge of 223.2 million tonnes, a 4.4% increase from the year 2020.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For the first time in history, in 2022, <\/span><b>aquaculture surpassed capture fisheries as the main producer of aquatic animals.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the growth in aquaculture, <\/span><b>capture fisheries remain an essential source of aquatic animal production.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With 1.9 million tonnes,<\/span><b> India ranked first in inland fisheries production.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Inland Resources:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> These include rivers and canals, floodplain lakes, ponds and tanks, reservoirs, brackish water, saline\/alkaline-affected areas, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Countries Dominating Aquaculture:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> China, Indonesia, India, Vietnam, Bangladesh, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, Norway, Egypt, and Chile \u2013 produced over<\/span><b> 89.8% of the total.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But many low-income countries in Africa and Asia are not using their full potential.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Rise in Global Consumption of Aquatic Foods:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Global consumption of aquatic animal foods reached <\/span><b>162.5 million tonnes in 2021<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to its potential in <\/span><b>tackling food insecurity and malnutrition.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Impact of Population Rise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to the rising global population, to maintain through to 2050 apparent consumption of aquatic animal foods at the 2022 estimated level of 20.7 kg per capita would require an increase in the total aquatic animal food supply of 36 million tonnes, a rise of 22%.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This highlights the <\/span><b>need to accelerate Blue Transformation priority actions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a world where aquatic foods play a more significant role in ending hunger, malnutrition and poverty.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Actions Required:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Further Transformative and Adaptive Actions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are needed to <\/span><b>strengthen the efficiency, inclusiveness, resilience and sustainability of aquatic food systems.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are also needed to consolidate their role in <\/span><b>addressing food insecurity, poverty alleviation and sustainable governance.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Boost Sustainable Aquaculture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Targeted policies, technology transfer, capacity building and responsible investment are crucial to boost sustainable aquaculture, especially in Africa.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Supporting further Consumption:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Consumption from sustainable sources is crucial to foster healthy diets and improve nutrition worldwide.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aquatic foods provide<\/span><b> high-quality proteins and key nutrients <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">including omega-3 fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.101%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Government Initiatives For India\u2019s Fisheries Sector<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Marine Fisheries Management: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fisheries are <\/span><b>state subjects <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India. Fishing and fisheries beyond territorial waters are on the Union list.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Scheme (PMMSY):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To address significant productivity and production gaps in the fisheries sector, infuse innovation and cutting-edge technology, etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Associated International Initiatives<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>The 2023 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Ocean Dialogue <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recognized the potential of aquatic foods for providing critical climate solutions.<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2023, <\/span><b>UN members agreed to a legally binding treaty for conserving and sustainably using marine biological diversity <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of areas beyond national jurisdiction.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>FAO integrates traditional knowledge for adapting to climate change<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in specific areas, like local species suited for evolving conditions.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.241%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.313%; 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