{"id":116140,"date":"2024-06-20T19:40:26","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T14:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&p=116140"},"modified":"2024-06-24T15:59:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T10:29:01","slug":"news-in-shorts-20-june-2024","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-20-june-2024","title":{"rendered":"News in Shorts – 20 June 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Top 10 largest economies in the world in 2024<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Krishi<\/td>\n

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  • Recently,<\/span> India rose to the 5th position<\/b> among the top 10 largest economies in the world in 2024 according to the World Economic Outlook 2024<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    About:<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • The world\u2019s largest economies<\/span> in 2024<\/b> include the United States of America, China, Japan, Germany, and India, according to their GDP data.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Metric for Calculation:<\/b> GDP serves as a vital metric for measuring a nation\u2019s economic size.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Method:<\/b> The traditional method for calculating a country\u2019s GDP involves the<\/span> expenditure approach, <\/b>which combines spending on new consumer <\/span>goods, investments, government expenditures, a<\/b>nd the net value of exports.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Top Economies of the World:<\/b><\/p>\n

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      • United States of America: <\/b>With a GDP exceeding<\/span> $26 trillion, t<\/b>he United States remains the world\u2019s largest economy<\/span><\/li>\n
      • China:<\/b> China\u2019s economy has experienced rapid growth in recent decades, reaching a GDP of around<\/span> $18.53 trillion in 2024.<\/b><\/li>\n
      • Germany:<\/b> The <\/span>third-largest economy <\/b>in the world, with <\/span>a GDP of $4.4 trillion, <\/b>Germany\u2019s strong manufacturing sector, particularly in the automotive and engineering sectors, contributes to its<\/span> $4.30 billion GDP <\/b>in 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Japan:<\/b> Japan is the fourth-largest, most developed, and most technologically advanced economy, with a <\/span>GDP of $4.11 trillion in 2024<\/b>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
      • India: T<\/b>he fifth largest economy in the world, India\u2019s economy with a GDP exceeding <\/span>$3.94 thousand billion in 2024 is <\/b>on a fast track currently.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme (N.F.l.E.S.)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Recently, the Union Cabinet has approved a Central Sector Scheme called the “<\/span>National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme” (NFlES).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme (NFIES)<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

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    • Aim:<\/b> The scheme envisions expanding the <\/span>Central Forensic Sciences Laboratory (CFSL) <\/b>network and establishing additional campuses for the <\/span>National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU).<\/b>\n
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      • The scheme also includes plans to enhance the infrastructure at the Delhi campus of the NFSU.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Financial Outlay: <\/b>The scheme has a total financial outlay of Rs<\/span>. 2254.43 crore <\/b>for the period from<\/span> 2024-25 to 2028-29.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Importance of the Scheme:<\/b><\/p>\n

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        • Linked to New Laws: <\/b>The approval comes in light of the impending <\/span>enactment of new criminal laws, w<\/b>hich mandate forensic investigations for offences carrying a punishment of<\/span> seven years or more.<\/b><\/li>\n
        • Increase in Workload: <\/b>The new laws are expected to significantly increase the workload of <\/span>forensic science laboratories (FSLs)<\/b> across India, which are already struggling with backlogs.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Tackling Shortage of Manpower<\/b>: The scheme aims to tackle the shortage of trained forensic personnel, reduce the backlog in forensic laboratories, and support the Government of India’s objective of achieving a <\/span>conviction rate exceeding 90%.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Krishi Sakhi<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Recently, the Prime Minister recently awarded certificates to over 30,000 women from <\/span>Self Help Groups (SHGs) as Krishi Sakhis.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Krishi Sakhi Convergence Programme (KSCP):<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • About:<\/b> It is an initiative under an MoU between the<\/span> Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers\u2019 Welfare a<\/b>nd the <\/span>Ministry of Rural Developme<\/b>nt aimed at improving the skills of rural women.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Training and Certification: <\/b>KSCP trains rural women, called Krishi Sakhis, as Para-extension Workers.\u00a0<\/span>\n
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      • They undergo a<\/span> 56-day comprehensive training<\/b> covering soil health,<\/span> integrated farming systems,<\/b> livestock management, and agroecological practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Extension of ‘Lakhpati Didi’ Programme: <\/b>KSCP extends the government’s <\/span>‘Lakhpati Didi’ initiative, <\/b>aiming to empower women through economic self-sufficiency opportunities.<\/span>\n
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        • The program aligns with the goal of transforming rural women into skilled <\/span>para-extension workers<\/b>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Number of Krishi Sakhis: <\/b>As on date <\/span>34,000 Krishi Sakhis out of 70,000 <\/b>have been certified as <\/span>Para-extension Workers.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Juneteenth<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Juneteenth is annually observed on <\/span>June 19th.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Juneteenth:<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • About: <\/b>It is the oldest nationally recognized celebration<\/span> marking the end of slavery in the United States, <\/b>also referred to as<\/span> Emancipation Day <\/b>or Juneteenth Independence Day.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Emancipation Proclamation: <\/b>On January <\/span>1, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln <\/b>issued the<\/span> Emancipation Proclamation, <\/b>proclaiming that “all persons held as slaves” within rebellious states “are, and shall be forever free.”<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Thailand to become third Asian country to legalise same-sex marriage<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Recently, the<\/span> Marriage Equality Bill<\/b> was overwhelmingly approved by Thailand’s Senate, the<\/span> upper house of the National Assembly.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Details of the Bill:<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • Gender Neutrality: <\/b>The bill updates Thai marriage laws by substituting gender-specific terms such as <\/span>“husbands” and “wives”<\/b> with gender-neutral alternatives like <\/span>“spouse” and “person.”\u00a0<\/b>\n
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      • This modification enables any two individuals, irrespective of their gender, to enter into marriage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Rights for Same-Sex Couples: <\/b>Same-sex couples will enjoy equal rights in several legal and practical areas:<\/span><\/li>\n
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        • Adoption: S<\/b>ame-sex couples have the <\/span>right to adopt children.<\/b><\/li>\n
        • Inheritance:<\/b> They can inherit property from their spouses.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Taxation:<\/b> Similar tax benefits as heterosexual married couples.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Legal Decision-making: <\/b>They can make <\/span>legal decisions f<\/b>or their spouses, such as <\/span>medical treatment consent.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Recognition: <\/b>The bill guarantees legal recognition and protection for <\/span>same-sex marriages, o<\/b>ffering stability and legal certainty to LGBTQ+ couples in <\/span>Thailand.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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World Refugee Day 2024:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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  • World Refugee Day is annually celebrated <\/span>globally on June 20th<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    World Refugee Day<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • History:<\/b> World Refugee Day began with a regional focus. After the UN (United Nations) defined r<\/span>efugee rights in 1951, Africa <\/b>established a day to honour them in 1970.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Recognizing Contributions: <\/b>Later, acknowledging the worldwide refugee crisis, the<\/span> UN General Assembly t<\/b>ook a<\/span> global approach in 2000, <\/b>designating <\/span>June 20th as World Refugee Day.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n
    • Theme:<\/b> World Refugee Day 2024 official theme is <\/span>\u201cEveryone is Welcome.<\/b>\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Refugee\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

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      • Definition:<\/b> A refugee is someone who is outside their c<\/span>ountry of nationality or habitual residence<\/b> due to a well-founded fear of persecution based on <\/span>race, religion, nationality<\/b>, membership in a particular<\/span> social group, or political opinion.\u00a0<\/b>\n
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        • They are unable or unwilling to return to their country for fear of persecution and are entitled to international protection under the <\/span>UN Refugee Convention and its protocol.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Asylum-Seeker<\/b>: An asylum-seeker is an individual who claims to be a refugee but whose<\/span> refugee status has not yet been determined t<\/b>hrough evaluation.<\/span>\n
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          • If their claim is substantiated upon evaluation<\/span>, they are recognized as a refugee.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Container Port Performance Index<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

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