{"id":116587,"date":"2024-06-25T19:48:08","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T14:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=116587"},"modified":"2024-06-25T22:00:37","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T16:30:37","slug":"indus-water-treaty","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/indus-water-treaty","title":{"rendered":"Indus Water Treaty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A five-member Pakistani delegation came to <\/span><b>National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) headquarters in <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><b>Jammu\u2019s Kishtwar t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o inspect power projects set up on the rivers covered under the <\/span><b>Indus Water Treaty (IWT) of 1960<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>first such visit<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> since Jammu &#038; Kashmir\u2019s <\/span><b>special status was scrapped in 2019.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>More On News<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pakistan and neutral experts from the World Bank<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to inspect two hydroelectric power projects under the IWT<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">850 megawatts (MW) <\/span><b>Rattle hydroelectric power project site at Drabshalla\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,000 MW <\/span><b>Pakal Dul project on river Marusudar\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both these projects are over a<\/span><b> tributary of the Chenab river<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.201%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Pakal Dul (Drangdhuran) Hydroelectric Project<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a reservoir based scheme proposed on river Marusudar, the<\/span><b> main right bank tributary of river Chenab<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Kishtwar, District in Jammu &#038; Kashmir.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pakistan, which relies on the <\/span><b>Chenab downstream,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> views the dam as a violation of the Indus Water Treaty<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Rattle Hydroelectric Power Project<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pakistan has repeatedly raised concerns o<\/span><b>ver its design, insisting that India would use the project\u2019s reservoir to create artificial water shortage <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or cause flooding in Pakistan.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Dispute Resolution Mechanism Under Indus Water Treaty\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 9 of the treaty: It <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">outlines a dispute resolution process, breaking it down into three categories: question, differences and disputes.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Step 1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Under it,\u00a0 <\/span><b>\u201cquestions\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> raised by both sides can be resolved at the Permanent Commission, or can also be taken up at the inter-government level.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.198%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>India\u2019s objected to Pakistan\u2019s bid :<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To hold <\/span><b>parallel proceedings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by an <\/span><b>illegally constituted Court of Arbitration <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on the s<\/span><b>ame set of issues<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pertaining to the <\/span><b>Kishenganga<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Ratle Hydro-Electric Projects<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Step 2:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In case of unresolved questions or<\/span><b> \u201cdifferences\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">between the countries on water-sharing, such as technical differences, either side can approach the World Bank to appoint a Neutral Expert (NE) to come to a decision.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Step 3:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> And eventually, if either party is not satisfied with the NE\u2019s decision or in case of <\/span><b>\u201cdisputes\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the interpretation and extent of the treaty, matters can be <\/span><b>referred to a Court of Arbitration.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.199%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>History of the Dispute over the Hydel Projects of Kishanganga and Ratle Hydroelectric Projects (HEPs)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Pakistan\u2019s Demand<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>In 2015<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Pakistan requested the appointment of a <\/span><b>Neutral Expert to review its technical objections\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>In 2016:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pakistan withdrew this <\/span><b>request unilaterally <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and\u00a0 approached the World Bank, seeking the <\/span><b>establishment of a Court of Arbitration <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under the Treaty\u2019s dispute resolution provisions.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>India\u2019s Demand<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> submitted a separate application for the <\/span><b>appointment of a Neutral Expert<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India argued that <\/span><b>Pakistan\u2019s request for a Court of Arbitration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> bypassed the <\/span><b>Treaty\u2019s established graded mechanism for dispute resolution.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>In 2022<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: World Bank decided to move forward with appointing b<\/span><b>oth a Neutral Expert <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and a <\/span><b>Chairman for the Court of Arbitration.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.1%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><strong>About Indus System Of Rivers<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/indus-river-system\/\">Indus system of Rivers<\/a> comprises<\/span><b> three Eastern Rivers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (The Sutlej, The Beas and The Ravi) and <\/span><b>three Western Rivers <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(The Indus, The Jhelum and The Chenab).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It includes the <\/span><b>Kabul tributary from the west<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, flowing from <\/span><b>Afghanistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> direct to <\/span><b>Pakistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> without crossing through India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The basin is mainly <\/span><b>shared by India and Pakistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with a small share for <\/span><b>China and Afghanistan.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within India, the Indus basin lies in<\/span><b> Jammu &#038; Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-116589\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/256-667ad0625d64d.webp\" alt=\"Indus Water Treaty\" width=\"357\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/256-667ad0625d64d.webp 393w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/256-667ad0625d64d-300x279.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>About Indus Water Treaty<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Indus Water Treaty (IWT) was signed by <\/span><b>former Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and then President of Pakistan,<\/span><b> Ayub Khan in 1960.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The treaty sets out a <\/span><b>mechanism for cooperation between India-Pakistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over the Indus System of Rivers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Indus Waters Treaty was <\/span><b>signed in 1960<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after n<\/span><b>ine years of negotiations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between India and Pakistan with the <\/span><b>help of the World Bank<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which is also a signatory.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Salient Provisions of The Indus Water Treaty<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Water Allocation:\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>three \u2018western rivers\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab) went to Pakistan and the <\/span><b>three \u2018eastern rivers\u2019 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Sutlej, Ravi and Beas) were portioned to India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>However, India is permitted to use the waters of the Western Rivers for:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 Domestic Use,\u00a0 Non-consumptive use,\u00a0 Agricultural use as specified, Generation of hydro-electric power.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Establishment of Permanent Indus Commission:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It established a <\/span><b>Permanent Indus Commission <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which served as a forum for exchange of information on the rivers, for continued cooperation and as a first stop for resolution of conflicts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>India\u2019s Storage Right Over Western Rivers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India is allowed to have a <\/span><b>minimum storage level on the western rivers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 meaning it can store up to 3.75 MAF of water for conservation and flood storage purposes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Exit Provision:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> IWT does not have <\/span><b>a unilateral exit provision<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and is supposed to r<\/span><b>emain in force unless both countries ratify a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nother <\/span><b>mutually agreed pact.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>transition period of 10 years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was permitted in which India was<\/span><b> bound to supply water to Pakistan from Eastern Rivers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During this period Pakistan was required to build the <\/span><b>necessary canal system <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for the utilisation of the waters of <\/span><b>Jhelum, Chenab and the Indus <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">itself, as allocated to it under the Treaty.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Challenges<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Growing Demand of Water:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> As per observers, the Indus Water Treaty,\u00a0 became a source of dissatisfaction between the two countries with growing demand for water.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>River Basin lies in the Conflicted Region: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The western rivers flow through the conflicted region of Jammu and Kashmir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Terrorism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0In the aftermath of the attack on J&#038;K\u2019s Uri army camp in 2016, the Indian Prime Minister had said, \u201cBlood and water cannot flow simultaneously\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Global Warming:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Impact of global warming is impacting availability of water and that is making the \u2018Rights versus Needs\u2019 debate shriller. Regional climate change is reducing the flow in the rivers located in the IRB4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Credibility crisis for India upon Abrogation of IWT:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 The unilateral abrogation of the IWT will definitely have a bearing on the credibility and as such on future negotiations<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dialogue and Cooperation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India and Pakistan should engage in regular communication and exchanges of information can help build trust and resolve issues amicably.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dispute Resolution Mechanism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both countries should utilise the existing dispute resolution mechanisms outlined in the treaty, such as the Permanent Indus Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Technical Expertise:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Utilising the expertise of water management professionals and experts can aid in effectively managing the shared water resources.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Environmental Considerations: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both India and Pakistan should consider sustainable water management practices, including the conservation and restoration of river ecosystems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Confidence-Building Measures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Implementing confidence-building measures\u00a0 such as joint initiatives, information-sharing, and visits between water management officials to promote transparency and collaboration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.127%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.015%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Editorials<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4791%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4791%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-previous-year-papers?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Previous+Year+Papers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out Previous Years Papers From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4791%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-test-series-courses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Test Series 2024<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/quiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Current Affairs Quiz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4791%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Main Answer Writing<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.015%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A five-member Pakistani delegation came to National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) headquarters in \u00a0Jammu\u2019s Kishtwar to inspect power projects set up on the rivers covered under the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) of 1960.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2084],"subject":[2124],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/116587"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116587"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/116587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116614,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/116587\/revisions\/116614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116587"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=116587"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=116587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}