{"id":117823,"date":"2024-07-04T19:24:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-04T13:54:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=117823"},"modified":"2024-07-05T18:10:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-05T12:40:59","slug":"internal-security-plan-for-india","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/internal-security-plan-for-india","title":{"rendered":"Internal Security Plan For India"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>India\u2019s prominence, prestige and economy is on a high trajectory<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at international level and China has, for the first time, realised that beyond a point, India would not shrink from confrontation.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A country projects its <\/span><b>strength at the international level in direct proportion to its internal cohesion,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> its ability to <\/span><b>resolve the differences within<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>free from terrorists or extremists threat.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About National Security<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India, a vibrant democracy with a rich cultural image, faces various security challenges that threaten its stability and progress.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Refers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is the<\/span><b> security and defence <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of a sovereign state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, which is regarded as a duty of government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Categorisation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Security can be categorised into two groups:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/internal-security\/\">Internal Security<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It deals with the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">management of the security within the border of a country. It secures the maintenance of peace and law and order, and upholding the sovereignty of the country.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It comes under the purview of the<\/span><b> Ministry of Home Affairs.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>External Security:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 It deals with the management of security against aggression by a foreign country.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the sole domain of the Armed forces of the country and comes under the ambit of the <\/span><b>Ministry of Defence.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>About Internal Security in India<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Destabilising a country through internal disturbances is more economical and less objectionable, particularly when direct warfare is not an option and <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/international-boundary-lines-in-the-world\/\">international borders<\/a> cannot be violated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Important Aspects:<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Rules and Laws:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Upholding the rules and laws made by the authority<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>People-Centricity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accepting the sovereign power of people<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Protection:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Protecting India\u2019s national sovereignty<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Integrity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Securing the territorial integrity of India<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Rightful Place:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Promoting India\u2019s rise to its rightful place in international affairs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Peaceful Environment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensuring a peaceful internal environment within India<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Safe and Secure Environment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creating a climate for our citizens that is just, equitable, prosperous, and shields them from risks to life and livelihood<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Ensured by: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These aspects of <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/introduction-to-internal-security-of-india\/\">Internal Security of India<\/a> are ensured by the <\/span><b>police,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which is helped by the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Impact of External Security Environment on Internal Security:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The external security environment is dynamic. It has a salutary impact on India\u2019s internal security.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">External factors are usually <\/span><b>not in India\u2019s control and need to deal with better intelligence, improved capabilities and focussed international cooperation.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Some examples are as follows:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cross-border terrorism and Radicalization<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal migrations and Refugees (i.e. Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar etc.)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drugs and Arms Smuggling (Afghanistan-Pakistan)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cyber Space (Dark net)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal activities on the High Seas- Proliferation, Fishing, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instability in the neighbourhood (Pakistan, Afghanistan, Myanmar etc.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Key Institutions Involved for Internal Security in India<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following key institutions are involved for maintenance of internal security in India:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With an interim budget of <\/span><b>2,02,868.70 crore (2024-25),<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> MHA is the<\/span><b> nodal agency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for internal security. It has several departments and agencies.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>A Special Secretary level officer is the in-charge of internal security.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/raw-indian-intelligence-agency\/\">Intelligence Bureau (IB)<\/a>: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>premier agency for collecting intelligence on internal security matters.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Director of Intelligence Bureau (DIB)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is conventionally the senior most police officer in the country. He has <\/span><b>direct access to the Minister of Home Affairs, the Prime Minister and the National Security Advisor.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Research and Analysis Wing (R&#038;AW): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the primary agency responsible for<\/span><b> collecting intelligence for national security from external sources.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>IB and R&#038;AW work in coordination with each other as also with other agencies.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>The National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is the <\/span><b>nodal agency for technical Intelligence.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Its inputs are used by other agencies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/nia-national-investigating-agency\/\">National Investigation Agency (NIA)<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It has emerged as the Government of India&#8217;s<\/span><b> leading federal agency for investigating terrorism in the country.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>It investigates terrorism cases with cross-state connections, illicit trafficking and other activities.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>National Investigation Agency (Amendment) Act 2019 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">broadens the NIA\u2019s jurisdiction and now has the authority to<\/span><b> investigate offences committed outside India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that are subject to international treaties and domestic laws of other countries.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also provides for the <\/span><b>establishment of Special Courts for the trial of scheduled offences.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It allows the agency to investigate the following <\/span><b>new offences as well:<\/b>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><b>Human trafficking<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Counterfeit currency or bank notes related offences<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Sale or manufacture of prohibited arms<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Offences under the Explosive Substances Act, 1908<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Cyber-terrorism<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The Multi-Agency Centre (MAC):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It has been <\/span><b>strengthened by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to allow it to <\/span><b>operate 24&#215;7 for the collection and sharing of security-related information.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It was created as an<\/span><b> IT platform to assist the security and law-enforcement agencies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to counter terror for national security.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To monitor terror activities and serve national security interests, the NATGRID<\/span><b> links several databases <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">including railways, police, stolen vehicles, immigration, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) Cell:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The CFT Cell at the MHA <\/span><b>deals with the policy matters on CFT and FICN (Fake Indian Currency Notes).\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>At State Level:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> States have raised <\/span><b>Special Forces, Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to deal with terrorism incidents, and also<\/span><b> Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) &#038; National Security Guards (NSG) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have been stationed at various locations to assist the States.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Earlier State Response for Internal Security in India<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the years, the governments have paid a great deal of attention to dealing with internal security challenges.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-117824 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/41-6686a823c540c.webp\" alt=\"Internal Security Plan For India\" width=\"502\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/41-6686a823c540c.webp 798w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/41-6686a823c540c-300x229.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/41-6686a823c540c-768x587.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Focus on Counterterrorism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government\u2019s focus on counterterrorism<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has grown enormously <\/span><b>since the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>NIA was created in 2008 after the Mumbai terror attack the same year.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Opportunities in J&#038;K: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>abolition of article 370<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been a landmark development in J&#038;K. It has created opportunities in the region where the incidents of terrorism have gone down.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Transformation in Northeast: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By a combination of prudent policies aimed at <\/span><b>fighting insurgents, focusing on development, reaching agreements with insurgent groups and deft diplomacy,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the government has been able to bring insurgency in the Northeast under control and usher in a new era of development.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Combat to Left-Wing Insurgency:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A well thought out<\/span><b> strategy, improved coordination, focus on development, and building of the capabilities of the CAPF <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in dealing with extremism has yielded positive results in dealing with Left Wing Insurgency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Focus on Maritime Security:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Maritime security, particularly coastal security, has received great attention in recent years, particularly since the Mumbai attacks.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Attention has been given to fishermen and improving their livelihoods, strengthening coastal police, strengthening interstate coordination, improving the capabilities of the Indian Coast Guard, and strengthening coastal surveillance.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Challenges to Internal Security in India<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since its independence, India has faced numerous challenges that arise from a variety of sources including<\/span><b> insurgency, terrorism, communal tensions and organised crime.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Today, the<\/span><b> rise of social media, dark net, crypto currency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has given <\/span><b>rise to new challenges.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Delay on Internal Security Doctrine: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The National Security Advisory Board has, from time to time, worked on it and prepared drafts. For inexplicable reasons, those were <\/span><b>never approved.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, there is <\/span><b>too much adhocism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in dealing with the internal security challenges, <\/span><b>especially when there is a change of government.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Heavy Burden on Ministry of Home Affairs: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ministry of Home Affairs has become much too heavy and therefore unwieldy, while internal security demands immediate attention.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Jammu and Kashmir: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The state is far from normal in spite of the Home Minister\u2019s claim that terror incidents are down by 66% since the abrogation of Article 370. Recently, terrorists also struck at four places in the Jammu region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>The Northeast: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Framework Agreement signed with the <\/span><b>rebel Nagas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2015 had raised great hopes, but these remain unfulfilled because of the NSCN (IM)\u2019s insistence on a <\/span><b>separate flag and constitution.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Manipur has been a disaster.<\/b> <b>Ethnic conflicts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> continue to simmer with occasional outbursts of violence.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Home Ministry\u2019s formation of a <\/span><b>multi-ethnic peace committee has not been productive.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Problems like illegal migration, drug trafficking and arms smuggling<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are also prevalent.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Internal Problems with Central Armed Police Forces:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> With an overall strength of more than a million, they are beset with serious internal problems of <\/span><b>unplanned expansion, haphazard deployment, inadequate training, falling standards of discipline, vague criteria for the selection of top officers, friction between cadre and All India Service officers, etc.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Understanding the various complex issues <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of internal security is important<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to appreciate the multifaceted nature of the internal security of India\u2019s landscape. The internal security scenario of the country would be much better if following actions are initiated with foresight and imagination.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Development of Internal Security Doctrine (NSD): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ideally, the country <\/span><b>should have a NSD.<\/b> <b>All significant powers have an NSD<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> through which they describe the internal and external challenges facing the country and prescribe the policies for dealing with them.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If there are any problems in developing the NSD, <\/span><b>its internal security component at least, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which is simpler,<\/span><b> could be worked out.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Establishment of Internal Security Ministry: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is high time that <\/span><b>a young, junior minister working in the MHA is given an independent charge of internal security.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It could significantly enhance responsiveness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Multi-Pronged Approach for Jammu and Kashmir: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government must take early steps<\/span><b> to reorganise the security grid, restore statehood to J&#038;K and hold elections <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for the Assembly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Comprehensive Approach for the Northeast: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM has called the Northeast \u201ca piece of our heart\u201d. It is time for the<\/span><b> PM to take charge of the situation himself <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the problems of illegal migration, drug trafficking and arms smuggling would require a comprehensive approach.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government should insist on<\/span><b> rigorous implementation of the suspension of operations agreement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and ensure that the<\/span><b> rebels do not engage in extortion and forcible recruitments.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Healing Touch for Naxal Problem:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recently, the Minister of State for Home Affairs claimed that the implementation of the \u201cnational policy and action plan\u201d had resulted in a consistent decline in violence and shrinkage of the geographical spread of left-wing extremism\u2019s (LWE) influence.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Violence and the resultant deaths had declined by 73% from a high in 2010.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With Naxals on the backfoot, it is now time for the healing touch. The government should offer them an offer of goodwill, <\/span><b>declare a unilateral cease-fire for a month, persuade them to come to the negotiating table, address their genuine grievances, and try to mainstream them.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Strengthening of Intelligence Agencies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The two premier central police organisations, Intelligence Bureau and the CBI, require restructuring.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The IB was set up through an administrative order on December 23, 1887. It is high time that it is given a <\/span><b>statutory basis, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with <\/span><b>safeguards to prevent the misuse of intelligence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to bolster the party in power.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CBI was set up through a resolution passed on April 01, 1963, and derives the power to investigate from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an anomalous arrangement and, as recommended in the 24th report of the parliamentary committee,<\/span><b> \u201cthe need of the hour is to strengthen the CBI in terms of legal mandate, infrastructure and resources\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Transformation from \u201cRuler\u2019s\u201d to \u201cPeople\u2019s Police\u201d: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM wants the PMO to function as People\u2019s PMO, which requires transforming the \u201cRuler\u2019s Police\u201d into the \u201cPeople\u2019s Police\u201d.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>It is a great opportunity for the Indian PM to create a police force that serves the people like Robert Peel, the former British PM.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Reform in Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To solve the emerging problems of CAPF, the government would do well to <\/span><b>appoint a high-powered commission to go into these problems for their long-term solution.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Leveraging Technology for Enhanced Security:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> As suggested by the PM himself, there is a <\/span><b>need to set up a high-powered technology mission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to recommend the adoption of latest technologies for the new challenges which the police are already facing or are likely to face in the future.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Others: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More socio-economic development, high community engagement, enhancement in capacity building, implementation of strong cyber security frameworks and protocols and international cooperation to combat cross-border terrorism, organised crime and cybercrime.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tackling internal security challenges <\/span><b>requires a multidimensional approach. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The present government is committed to dealing with security challenges, which is reflected in<\/span><b> recent developments <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">like dealing with anti-CAA protests with a firm hand, abolition of Article 370, banning of the Popular Front of India (PFI), zero tolerance towards terrorism etc. <\/span><b>Special attention has been given to cybercrime, preventing atrocities against women and dealing with new age crimes.<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.128%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.02%; 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