{"id":121985,"date":"2024-07-23T19:43:51","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T14:13:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=121985"},"modified":"2024-07-24T13:11:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T07:41:32","slug":"national-landslide-forecasting-centre","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/national-landslide-forecasting-centre","title":{"rendered":"National Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Union Minister of Coal and Mines, inaugurated the<\/span><b> National landslide forecasting centre (NLFC) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">at <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/geological-survey-of-india\/\">Geological Survey of India (GSI)<\/a> in Kolkata.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Other Initiatives<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>On the sidelines,\u00a0 the Bhusanket Web Portal and Bhooskhalan Mobile App<\/b><b> Initiatives were launched.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Bhusanket Web Portal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It will help share important information on landslide hazards and start short-range and medium-range landslide forecasting.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Bhooskhalan Mobile App:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It will quickly distribute daily landslide forecasts to users.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>National Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Objective:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Landslide Hazard Mitigation: It is <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aimed at reducing landslide risks in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Early Warning Bulletins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It will\u00a0 provide early warnings for all landslide-prone states, with a goal to implement the regional <\/span><b>Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nationwide by 2030.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9838%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><b>monitoring system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that measures the probability of occurrence of landslides.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Types of LEWS<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Early Detection Systems: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This system detects landslides while they are occurring.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Predictive Systems:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This system detects landslide occurrences before they happen.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/landslide-susceptibility-map\/\">Landslide Susceptibility Map For India: By IIT Delhi<\/a><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Landslides\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/type-of-landslides\/\">Landslides<\/a> are rapid movement of rock, debris, or earth down a slope, also known as mass wasting.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Landslide-Prone Areas in India:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Major hydro-geological hazards affect 15% of India&#8217;s landmass, including:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Himalayas<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Northeastern hill ranges<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Ghats<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nilgiris<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eastern Ghats<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vindhyans<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Susceptible Regions<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Himalayas and Western Ghats:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Highly prone due to hilly terrain and heavy rainfall.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Reason: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he northward movement of the Indian plate towards China causes continuous stress on rocks, making them weak and prone to landslides and earthquakes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Causes of Landslide<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 100.1%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 51.9001%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Natural Causes<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 48.3635%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Human Causes<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 51.9001%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Heavy Rainfall:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Increases soil moisture, causing slopes to fail.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flooding:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Undercuts slopes, making them unstable.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Earthquakes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Shakes and loosens rocks and soil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Snowmelt:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Adds water to slopes, leading to instability.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 48.3635%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Overgrazing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Reduces vegetation, leading to soil erosion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Terrain Cutting and Filling: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changes in land structure can destabilize slopes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Excessive Development: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Construction and deforestation increase landslide risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8596%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>About Geological Survey of India (GSI)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Establishment and Growth<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Founded in 1851<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Initially set up to find coal deposits for the Railways.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Headquarters:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Kolkata.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Main Functions<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Geoscientific Information:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It creates and updates national geoscientific data.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Mineral Resource Assessment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Conducts surveys and investigations for mineral resources.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Surveys: It<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Includes ground, air-borne, and marine surveys.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.028%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 137.917%; 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