{"id":123652,"date":"2024-07-29T19:17:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-29T13:47:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=123652"},"modified":"2024-07-30T14:31:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T09:01:16","slug":"president-appoints-new-governors-for-nine-states","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/president-appoints-new-governors-for-nine-states","title":{"rendered":"President Droupadi Murmu Appoints New Governors For Nine States"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, President Droupadi Murmu appointed Governors for<\/span><b> Rajasthan, Telangana, Maharashtra, Punjab, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Assam, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Appointment and Role of Governors in Indian States<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 153 of the Indian Constitution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It says \u201c<\/span><b>There shall be a <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/governor\/\">Governor<\/a> for each State.\u201d\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Appointment for two or more states:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> An <\/span><b>amendment in 1956<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> laid down that \u201cnothing in this article shall <\/span><b>prevent the appointment of the same person<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as Governor for two or more States\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Method of appointment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> He is <\/span><b>neither elected directly<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the people <\/span><b>nor indirectly<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> elected by a specially constituted electoral college.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to<\/span><b> Article 155<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, He is the <\/span><b>central nominee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>appointed by the President <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by <\/span><b>warrant under his seal.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Canadian Model: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The governor of a province (state) is appointed by the <\/span><b>Governor-General (Centre).<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>India adopted the Canadian Model<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of appointment of Governor by the center.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Origins in GOI Act 1935: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Institution of Governor borrowed from<\/span><b> GOI Act 1935.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>7th CAA (1956): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitated the appointment of the<\/span><b> same person as a governor for two or more states.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Supreme Court (Hargovind Pant Case, 1979): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Office of the governor of a <\/span><b>state is not an employment under the Central government.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an<\/span><b> Independent constitutional office,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> not under the control of or subordinate nor an employment under the Central government.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Draft Constitution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Provided for the <\/span><b>direct election of the governor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on the <\/span><b>basis of universal adult suffrage.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Limitations on Governor\u2019s Powers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Governor has <\/span><b>no diplomatic, military or emergency powers <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">like the president.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Qualifications and Conditions of Office for Governors in Indian States<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Constitutional Provisions:<\/b> <b>Articles 157 and 158<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> lay down the qualifications of the Governor and the conditions of his office.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Citizen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Completed <\/span><b>35 years of age.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Two\u00a0 Conventions:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Preferably an <\/span><b>\u2018Outsider\u2019 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and should not belong to the state where he is appointed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While appointing the governor, the president is <\/span><b>required to consult the CM of the state<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> concerned.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, both the conventions <\/span><b>have been violated in some of the cases.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Oath (Article 159): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oath administered by the<\/span><b> Chief Justice of HC <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the concerned state and in his absence, the s<\/span><b>enior-most judge of that court.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Condition of Office<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Not a member of either house<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and not hold <\/span><b>any other office of profit.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determined by <\/span><b>Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannot be <\/span><b>diminished during his term of office.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Immune from <\/span><b>criminal proceedings (even if personal)\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannot be<\/span><b> arrested or imprisoned.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>2 Month\u2019s notice in civil proceedings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during term of office in respect of his personal acts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When appointed as Governor of two or more states, allowances shared by the states in such proportion as <\/span><b>determined by the president.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Enjoys personal immunity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from legal liability for his official acts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Governor\u2019s Term and Contingency Provisions in Indian States<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Term:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Under<\/span><b> Article 156<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> says that the <\/span><b>Governor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shall hold office during the <\/span><b>pleasure of the President. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But his normal term of office will be<\/span><b> five years.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Surya Narain Case (1981):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pleasure of the President <\/span><b>is not justifiable.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, <\/span><b>no security of tenure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>no fixed term of Office<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Central government Role :<\/b> <b>President acts on the aid and advice of the Prime Minister<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><b>Union Council of Ministers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in effect, the Governor is appointed and removed by the central government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Resignation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To President.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Transfer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The President may transfer a Governor appointed to one state to another state for the rest of the term.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reappointed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maybe in the same state or any other state.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Hold office beyond his term<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> until his successor assumes charge to <\/span><b>prevent \u2018Interregnum\u2019<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Contingency Provision:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The President can make such <\/span><b>provision as he thinks fit <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for the<\/span><b> discharge of the functions of the governor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in any contingency not provided for in the Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Removal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The <\/span><b>Constitution does not lay down any grounds <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">upon which a governor may be removed by the President.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Powers and Functions of Governors in Indian States<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Veto Power<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>For ordinary bills, the governor has four alternatives:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He may give his <\/span><b>assent to the bill.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He may <\/span><b>withhold his assent<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the bill, the bill then ends.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>He may return a bill for reconsideration of the Houses<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the bill is passed by both Houses again with or without amendments and presented to the governor for his assent, the governor must give his assent to the bill. the governor enjoys only a \u2018suspensive veto\u2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He may<\/span><b> reserve the bill for the consideration of the President.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Governor can also reserve a bill if it is:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Endangers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the position of the<\/span><b> state high court;\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Against<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provisions of the <\/span><b>Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Opposed to the DPSP;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Against the<\/span><b> larger interes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t of the country, and of g<\/span><b>rave national importance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; Compulsory acquisition of <\/span><b>property<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the <\/span><b>governor reserves a money bill for the consideration of the President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, he will not have any further role in the enactment of the bill.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>President may give his assent or may withhold his assent<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but he can not return the state money bill.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the <\/span><b>President gives his assent to the bill, it becomes an Act.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This means that the assent of the<\/span><b> governor is no longer required.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Legislative Powers<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governor is an <\/span><b>integral part of the State legislature.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Summons, prorogues, and dissolves <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the State Legislative Assembly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Address the state legislature<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at the commencement of the<\/span><b> first session<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after each general election and the <\/span><b>first session of each year.\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Send messages to the house <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or houses of the state legislature, with respect to a bill pending in the legislature or otherwise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Appoint any member of the State legislative assembly\/council<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to preside over its proceedings when the offices of both the Speaker\/chairman and the Deputy Speaker\/deputy chairman\u00a0 fall vacant.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Similarly, he can<\/span><b> appoint any member of the state legislature <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">council to preside over its proceedings,\u00a0 when the offices of <\/span><b>both Chairman and Deputy Chairman fall vacant.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Nominates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 1\/6 members in the State Council.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decides on the <\/span><b>question of disqualification<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of members of the state legislature in consultation with the Election Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Lays the reports of<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> State Finance Commission, SPSC and CAG before the state legislature.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Promulgate ordinances<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when the state legislature is not in session (must be approved by the state legislature <\/span><b>within six weeks from its reassembly).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Judicial Powers<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Judges of High Court: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consulted by the president while appointments of judges of HC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>District Judges: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Makes appointments, postings and promotions of the district judges in consultation with the state high court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Others<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Appoint persons to the<\/span><b> judicial service<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the state other than the district judge in consultation with the state high court and the SPSC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Pardoning Powers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> He\/she can grant <\/span><b>pardons, reprieves, respites and remissions of punishment or suspend, remit and commute <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the sentence of any person convicted of any offense against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the state extends.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Governor\u2019s Discretionary Power<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the Constitution, if there is <\/span><b>any doubt about whethe<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r a matter falls within the<\/span><b> governor\u2019s discretion, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the governor\u2019s<\/span><b> decision is final and cannot be challenged <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">based on whether they should or should not have exercised their discretion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Constitutional Discretion<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Reservation of Bills <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for the President\u2019s consideration.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Recommendations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>President\u2019s Rule.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Administration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of<\/span><b> adjoining UT.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seeking information from the <\/span><b>Chief Minister <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">regarding <\/span><b>administrative and legislative policies.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determining the amount payable by the <\/span><b>Govt of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to an <\/span><b>autonomous Tribal District Council (6th scheduled areas) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as royalty accruing from licenses for mineral exploration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Situational Discretion<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appointment of the<\/span><b> Chief Minister when no party has a clear-cut majority <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the state legislative assembly or when the chief minister in office dies suddenly, and there is no obvious successor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Dismissal of the council of ministers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when it cannot prove the confidence of the state legislative assembly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Dissolution of the state legislative<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> assembly if the council of ministers has lost its majority.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Issues Related To Governor<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Arbitrary removal: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> arbitrary removal of the Governor <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">before the expiration of his tenure has also been an important issue in the recent past.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rehabilitative appointments:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The position has been <\/span><b>reduced to becoming a retirement package <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for politicians for being<\/span><b> politically faithful to the government of the day.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Abuse of position: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are various examples of the <\/span><b>Governor&#8217;s position being abused, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">usually by the ruling party at the Centre.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Misuse of discretionary powers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Governor&#8217;s <\/span><b>discretionary powers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to invite the <\/span><b>leader of the largest party \/alliance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to form the government has often been misused.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Partisanship Role:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recently, the <\/span><b>Governor of Rajasthan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been charged with the<\/span><b> violation of the model code of conduct.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> His support of the ruling party is against the spirit of non-partisanship that is expected from the person sitting on constitutional posts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Misuse of power under Art. 356: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The imposition of<\/span><b> President&#8217;s rule (Art.356) i<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n case of breakdown of constitutional machinery in a State has been frequently misused by the central government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mere rubber stamp or puppet: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governor is bound by the <\/span><b>aid and advice of his council of ministers.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.3%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Recent examples<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Governor refused to <\/span><b>read some parts of the Governor&#8217;s address<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which was prepared by the State govt in Tamil Nadu.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Maharashtra, The<\/span><b> Governor removed the Governor&#8217;s rule <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and administered <\/span><b>oath to a CM <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">who did not have <\/span><b>majority support in the house.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>WB Assembly passed a Bill for replacing the Governo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r from the position and making the Chief Minister the Chancellor of State Universities.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dispute <\/span><b>with state government<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over the approval of<\/span><b> various Bills in Kerala,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> similar issue is in Telangana as well.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Recommendations Of Sarkaria Commission<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Related to Article 356:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Art. 356 should be used in very rare cases <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">when it becomes unavoidable to restore the breakdown of constitutional machinery in the State. It should be used as a matter of last resort.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before taking action under Art. 356, a<\/span><b> warning should be issued t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o the state government that it is not functioning according to the constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Related to Governor:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governors should be <\/span><b>appointed in consultation with the Chief Minister of the State<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Vice-President of India and the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His <\/span><b>tenure of office must be guaranteed <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and should not be disturbed except for extremely compelling reasons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criteria for selection of Governor:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He should be <\/span><b>eminent in some walk of life.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He should be a<\/span><b> person from outside the State.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He should be a <\/span><b>detached figure <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and not too intimately connected with the local politics of the State.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He should be a person who has<\/span><b> not taken too great a part in politics generally<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and particularly in the recent<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Related to appointment of CM:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If there is a<\/span><b> single party having an absolute majority in the Assembly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the leader of the party should automatically be asked to become the Chief Minister.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the <\/span><b>absence of such a party,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Governor shall choose a CM by holding hearings with each of the following parties or groups of parties in the <\/span><b>order of preference listed below:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An<\/span><b> alliance of partie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s that was formed<\/span><b> prior to the Elections<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> Largest Single Party <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">staking a claim to form the government with the s<\/span><b>upport of others, including independents.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A<\/span><b> post-electoral coalition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with <\/span><b>all partners joining the government.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A p<\/span><b>ost-electoral alliance with some parties joining the government a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd the remaining supporting from outside<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Others:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the President<\/span><b> withholds his assent to the state bills<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the reasons should be <\/span><b>communicated to the state government.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The procedure of consulting the chief minister in the appointment of the state governor should<\/span><b> be prescribed in the Constitution itself.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Governor<\/span><b> cannot dismiss the council of ministers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> so long as it commands a<\/span><b> majority in the assembly<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.027%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 137.912%; 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