{"id":125721,"date":"2024-08-10T19:37:21","date_gmt":"2024-08-10T14:07:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=125721"},"modified":"2024-08-10T19:37:21","modified_gmt":"2024-08-10T14:07:21","slug":"national-mission-for-ccus","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/national-mission-for-ccus","title":{"rendered":"National Mission for Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A National Mission to provide <\/span><b>financial incentives to promote carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> aiming to achieve the net-zero goals is in consideration by the Union Government.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The decision was\u00a0 <\/span><b>announced on the sidelines of the 32nd annual general meeting of the American Chamber of Commerce in India (AMCHAM India)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in New Delhi\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Responsible Ministry: The Union power ministry, NITI Aayog and the office of the principal scientific adviser to the Prime Minister&#8217;s Office (PMO) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">will form the core working group for the mission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Features of the Mission<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Financial Mechanisms Proposed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CCUS mission is proposed to <\/span><b>include viability gap funding (VGF), carbon pricing and taxing mechanism, carbon trading and subsidie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s in terms of PLI to reduce the carbon footprint.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The need for government support in the<\/span><b> form of tax credits may be assessed<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on a case-by-case basis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Engagement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The government along with industry and academia will <\/span><b>create a roadmap for developing an India-specific ecosystem <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and India specific CCUS technologies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Deployment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mission would support the s<\/span><b>etting up of pilot plants that can capture 500 tonnes of CO2 per day.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>About: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CCUS involves 3 components ie.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Carbon Capture:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> CO2 is captured from large point sources like power generation or industrial facilities that use either fossil fuels or biomass as fuel.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon Capture alone<\/span><b> accounts for about 75% of the net CCUS cost.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Utilisation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The captured carbon <\/span><b>can be used on site or can be compressed and transported by pipeline, ship, rail or truck<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to be used in a range of applications off site<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Storage: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C02 can also be<\/span><b> stored for future use by injecting it into deep geological formations such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or saline aquifers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Role of CCUS in Clean Energy Transitions:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Easy Deployment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CCUS can be<\/span><b> retrofitted to existing power<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and industrial plants, allowing for their continued operation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Emission Reduction in Very Polluting Industries: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It can<\/span><b> tackle emissions in hard-to-abate sectors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, particularly heavy industries like cement, steel or chemicals.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Decarbonisation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CCUS is an <\/span><b>enabler of least-cost low-carbon hydrogen production,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and offers the<\/span><b> only known technology for decarbonising the hard-to-electrify and CO2-intensive sectors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as steel, cement, oil &#038; gas, petrochemicals &#038; chemicals, and fertilizers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Balancing CO2 concentration:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Finally, CCUS can <\/span><b>remove CO2 from the air to balance emissions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that are unavoidable or technically difficult to abate.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Technologies:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS): I<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t\u00a0 involves capturing and permanently storing CO2 <\/span><b>from processes where biomass is converted into fuels or directly burned to generate energy. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because plants absorb CO2 as they grow, this is a way of removing CO2 from the atmosphere.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Direct Air Capture (DAC): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It extracts CO2 d<\/span><b>irectly from the atmosphere at any location, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">unlike carbon capture which is generally carried out at the point of emissions. The CO2 can be permanently stored in deep geological formations or used for a variety of applications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Carbon Capture and Utilisation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It refers to a range of applications through which CO2\u202fis captured and used either directly or indirectly (i.e.\u202ftransformed) in various products.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CO2 is <\/span><b>primarily used in the fertiliser industry and for enhanced oil recovery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New uses such as producing CO2-based synthetic fuels, chemicals and building aggregates are gaining momentum.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Global Market Size: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of <\/span><b>2022, the global CCUS market size was $2.49 billion,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and an annual <\/span><b>growth rate of 13.3% <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is expected during 2022-2030.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CO2 capture <\/span><b>capacity of about 361 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) is under development globally.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Over 500 CCUS projects are in various stages of development <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">across the CCUS value chain as per The<\/span><b> International Energy Agency (IEA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with building momentum in recent years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Regional Potential: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Region-wise CO2 <\/span><b>storage potential in India during 2030-2050 w<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ould stand at,<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Western Regions: 388.9 gigatonnes\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Southern Regions: 80.58GT<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Eastern\u00a0 Regions: 76.3GT<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>North-Eastern Regions: 47.2GT<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Northern Regions: 7.65GT<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-125709\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/102-66b76fbbe5b58.webp\" alt=\"CCUS\" width=\"801\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/102-66b76fbbe5b58.webp 1242w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/102-66b76fbbe5b58-300x80.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/102-66b76fbbe5b58-1024x273.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/102-66b76fbbe5b58-768x205.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 801px) 100vw, 801px\" \/><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.233%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.168%; 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