{"id":126278,"date":"2024-08-14T19:55:18","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T14:25:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=126278"},"modified":"2024-08-16T13:35:51","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T08:05:51","slug":"dengiall","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/dengiall","title":{"rendered":"DengiAll"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>First-ever Phase 3 clinical trial for a dengue vaccine in India has been announced by the The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and Panacea Biotec.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of the Indian vaccine formulation were <\/span><b>completed in 2018-19, yielding promising results.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About DengiAll<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-126234 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/147-66bcad805dd6d.webp\" alt=\"DengiAll\" width=\"551\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/147-66bcad805dd6d.webp 1143w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/147-66bcad805dd6d-300x180.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/147-66bcad805dd6d-1024x615.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/147-66bcad805dd6d-768x462.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 551px) 100vw, 551px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DengiAll is <\/span><b>developed by Panacea Biotec is India\u2019s indigenous tetravalent dengue vaccine<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>tetravalent dengue vaccine strain (TV003\/TV005<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) was originally developed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Process Patent<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Panacea Biotec is one of three Indian companies to receive the strain, has developed a<\/span><b> full-fledged vaccine formulation and holds a process patent for this work.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The Trail: Panacea Biotec will conduct the Phase 3 clinical trial across 19 sites in 18 States <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and Union Territories of India in collaboration with ICMR<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Phase 3 trial primarily <\/span><b>funded by ICMR will involve more than 10,335 h<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ealthy adult participants for 2 years\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vaccine status for Dengue in India: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At present India does not have<\/span><b> any antiviral treatment or licensed vaccine against dengue.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An effective vaccine for Dengue is complex as it is needed to achieve good efficacy for all four serotypes. I<\/span><b>n India, all four serotypes of Dengue virus are known to circulate or co-circulate in many regions.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Dengue<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Vector: <\/b>D<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">engue viruses are spread <\/span><b>through the bite of an infected Aedes species (Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus) mosquito.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These mosquitoes also spread <\/span><b>chikungunya and Zika viruses.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Hotspots: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mosquitoes tha<\/span><b>t spread dengue are found in most tropical and subtropical regions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the world, including many parts of the United States.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Serotype<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:The dengue virus has f<\/span><b>our serotypes, 1-4, with low cross-protection against <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">each other, meaning individuals can experience repeated infections.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Incidence:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India<\/span><b> ranks among the top 30 countries with the highest incidenc<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e of the disease.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per the <\/span><b>World Health Organization (WHO),The global incidence of dengue has been steadily increasing <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">over the past two decades, with more than 129 countries reporting dengue viral disease by the end of 2023<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Risk: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Approximately<\/span><b> 75-80% of infections are asymptomatic <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">but these individuals can still transmit the infection through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Symptomatic:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Children are at a greater risk amongst the 20-25% symptomatic cases with hospitalisation and mortality.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Adults can experience severe conditions like dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shock syndrome.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Dengue Burden In India:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India <\/span><b>officially recorded nearly 2.33 lakh cases with 303 deaths in\u00a0 2022<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Region Specific:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A national-level survey conducted in India in 2017 reported the<\/span><b> lowest prevalence of Dengue infections in the Northeastern region (1.6%) and the highest in the northern region (47%)<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Endemic States:<\/b> <b>West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Gujarat, Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are the high dengue burden states as per the National Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Prevention and control: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It depends on vector control. 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