{"id":126425,"date":"2024-08-16T19:33:12","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T14:03:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=126425"},"modified":"2025-02-13T11:29:28","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T05:59:28","slug":"ramsar-wetland-sites-now-in-india","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/ramsar-wetland-sites-now-in-india","title":{"rendered":"Three More Ramsar Wetland Sites Now In India"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has increased its <\/span><b>tally of Ramsar sites<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Wetlands of International Importance) to <\/span><b>85 from existing 82 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by designating<\/span><b> three more<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> wetlands as Ramsar Sites.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>three new site<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s included are <\/span><b>Nanjarayan Bird <\/b><strong>Sanctuar<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>y<\/strong> and <\/span><b>Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Tawa Reservoir in Madhya Pradesh.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Newly Designated Ramsar Sites in India<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>1. Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Location: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Nanjarayan lake is a large shallow wetland<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> situated along the north-eastern region of <\/span><b>Uthukuli Taluk of Tiruppur District in Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The wetlands in this region depend mainly <\/span><b>on weather condition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, especially on<\/span><b> heavy rain water flow <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from <\/span><b>Nallar drainage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>History: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lake got its name from the fact that it was repaired and restored by<\/span><b> King Nanjarayan <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">who was ruling the region many centuries ago.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flora &#038; Fauna: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About 191 species of <\/span><b>birds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 87 species of <\/span><b>butterflies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 7 species of <\/span><b>amphibians<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 21 species of <\/span><b>reptiles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 11 species of<\/span><b> small mammals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and 77 species of <\/span><b>plants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have been recorded in and around the lake.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Notable Species:<\/b> <b>Bar-headed Goose<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><b> Northern shoveler<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Juvenile Spot-billed Pelican<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#038; <\/span><b>Heronry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> etc<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Significance:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Bird sanctuary: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lake is announced as<\/span><b> 17th bird sanctuary <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the state o<\/span><b>f Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> owing to its rich avifaunal diversity.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. The Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s declared as the <\/span><b>16th bird sanctuary in Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the year <\/span><b>2021<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Location:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is a<\/span><b> brackish shallow lake <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">located on the <\/span><b>Coromandel Coast<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><b>Villupuram district, North of Pondicherry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lake is connected to the<\/span><b> Bay of Bengal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by the <\/span><b>brackish Uppukalli creek<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><b>Edayanthittu Estuary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kazhuveli is one of the significant and <\/span><b>biodiversity rich wetlands.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The lake is one of the l<\/span><b>argest wetlands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in peninsular India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Three parts: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lake can be divided into <\/span><b>three parts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> based <\/span><b>on the water features\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The estuarine part with brackish water<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Uppukali creek feeding the sea water\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Kazuveli basin with fresh water.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Notable Species: Eurasian Coot<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ,<\/span><b>\u00a0 Painted Stork<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Greater Flamingo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Black-headed Ibis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Significance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary lies in the<\/span><b> Central Asian Flyway<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an important <\/span><b>stopover site for migratory species<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of birds and<\/span><b> breeding ground for resident species of birds,<\/b> <b>breeding ground for fish<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also serves as a <\/span><b>major recharge source for the aquifers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0In areas of <\/span><b>brackish wate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r highly degraded <\/span><b>mangrove patches <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">containing <\/span><b>Avicennia species<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are found.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the earlier years, this area was reportedly<\/span><b> harbouring Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0 In this area, r<\/span><b>eed (Typhaangustata) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is found in <\/span><b>several hundred hectares.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.098%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Flyways<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A flyway is the entire <\/span><b>range of a migratory bird specie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s (or groups of related species or distinct populations of a single species) through <\/span><b>which \/it moves on an annual basis <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from the <\/span><b>breeding grounds to non-breeding areas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including <\/span><b>intermediate restin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">g and feeding places as well as the area within which the birds migrate.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-126415\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/163-66bf5676a4ff8.webp\" alt=\"Ramsar Wetland Sites\" width=\"704\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/163-66bf5676a4ff8.webp 1046w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/163-66bf5676a4ff8-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/163-66bf5676a4ff8-1024x575.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/163-66bf5676a4ff8-768x431.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>3. The Tawa Reservoir\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Location: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tawa Reservoir is<\/span><b> situated near Itarsi, Madhya Pradesh.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was constructed at the <\/span><b>confluence of the Tawa and Denwa rivers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">River <\/span><b>Malani, Sonbhadra, and Nagdwar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">i are the major tributaries of<\/span><b> Tawa reservoir.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tawa River<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A left bank tributary originates from <\/span><b>Mahadeo hills in Chhindwara district,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> flows through <\/span><b>Betul district<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and joins <\/span><b>river Narmada in Narmadapuram district<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the lo<\/span><b>ngest tributary of river Narmada <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(172 Km).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Significance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The reservoir was built mainly for <\/span><b>irrigation purposes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Although later on it is also being used for <\/span><b>power generation and aquaculture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reservoir is important for aquatic flora and fauna especially birds and wild animals.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Inside Satpura Tiger Reserve : <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reservoir is located i<\/span><b>nside the Satpura Tiger Reserve a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd forms the <\/span><b>western boundary of the Satpura National Park and Bori Wildlife Sanctuary.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flora &#038; Fauna<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Many rare and endangered species of plants, reptiles and insects are found here. It is an important habitat for many <\/span><b>local and migratory bird<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Notable Species:\u00a0 Spotted deer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Painted Stork<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8996%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Ramsar Site &#038; Ramsar Convention<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Establishment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Ramsar site is a wetland of international importance under the <\/span><b>Ramsar Convention (also known as the \u2018Convention on Wetlands\u2019),<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an intergovernmental environmental treaty established by <\/span><b>UNESCO in 1971,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and named after the <\/span><b>city of Ramsar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Iran, where the convention was signed that year.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Identification: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramsar recognition is the identification of wetlands which are of<\/span><b> international importance,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> especially if they <\/span><b>provide habitat to waterfowl<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (about 180 species of birds).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>First Ramsar Site in India:<\/b> <b>Chilika Lake in Orissa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Largest Ramsar Site in India:<\/b> <b>Sundarbans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><b>West Bengal\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>About Wetlands Sites<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>A Saturated Ecosystem: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A wetland is a place in which the <\/span><b>land is covered by wate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r (salt, fresh, or somewhere in between) <\/span><b>either seasonally or permanently.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It functions as its <\/span><b>own distinct ecosystem.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Consists Of: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They include <\/span><b>mangroves<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>marshes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>rivers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>lakes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>deltas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>floodplains<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>flooded<\/b> <b>forests<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>rice<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><b>fields<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>coral<\/b> <b>reefs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>marine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> areas no deeper <\/span><b>than 6 meters at low tid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e, as well as <\/span><b>human-made wetlands s<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">uch as waste-water treatment ponds and reservoirs.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Contribution: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hey cover only around<\/span><b> 6% of the Earth\u2019s land surface,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but about <\/span><b>40% of all plant and animal specie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s live or breed in wetlands.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Data: \u00a0 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>United Kingdom (175) and Mexico (142) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014 smaller countries than <\/span><b>India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 have the <\/span><b>maximum Ramsar site<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, whereas <\/span><b>Bolivia spans the largest are<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a, with <\/span><b>148,000 sq. km. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under the Convention\u2019s protection.<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by the Indian Space Research Organisation, estimates <\/span><b>India\u2019s wetlands to span around 1,52,600 sq. km.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which is <\/span><b>4.63% of the total geographical area of the country<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>State Wise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has <\/span><b>19 types of wetland<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, with <\/span><b>Gujarat having the maximum area, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">followed by <\/span><b>Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Significance of Wetlands:\u00a0<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps in <\/span><b>stabilising greenhouse gases like carbon dioxid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e, methane, nitrous oxide.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It reduces the<\/span><b> risk of disasters such as floods.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps i<\/span><b>n sequestration of carbon <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as it stores carbon rather than <\/span><b>releasing it to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It ha<\/span><b>s cultural and tourism significance.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>List of Ramsar Sites in India 2024<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Here is the list of total Ramsar sites (Arranged Year Wise)\u00a0 in India according to their areas and states in which they are located:<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.064%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ramsar Site (Total 85)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>State<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Year<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Area (km2)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tawa Reservoir<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>20050<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>5151.6<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>125.865<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nakti Bird Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bihar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>3.74<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nagi Bird Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bihar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2.1<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Magadi Kere Conservation Reserve<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karnataka<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ankasamudra Bird Conservation Reserve<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karnataka<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.98<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Aghanashini Estuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karnataka<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.8<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Longwood Shola Reserve Forest<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2024<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1.16<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nanda Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Goa<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.42<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ranganathituu BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karnataka<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>5.18<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sakhya Sagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2.48<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sirpur wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1.61<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Yashwant Sagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>8.22<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Thane Creek<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Maharashtra<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>65.21<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Gulf of Mannar Marine BR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>526.72<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kanjirankulam BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.96<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Karikili BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.584<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>12.475<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Pichavaram Mangrove<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>14.786<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.94<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Udhayamarthandapuram BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.44<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Vaduvur BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1.12<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Vedanthangal BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.4<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Vellode BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.77<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Vembannur Wetland Complex<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Hygam Wetland CnR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of JK<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>8.02<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Shallbugh Wetland CnR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of JK<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2022<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>16.75<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Khijadia WLS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Gujarat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>6<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Thol Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Gujarat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>6.99<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Wadhvana Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Gujarat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>10.38<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bhindawas WLS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Haryana<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.11<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sultanpur NP<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Haryana<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>142.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Pala Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Mizoram<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>18.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ansupa Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2.31<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Hirakud Reservoir<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>654<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Satkosia Gorge<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>981.97<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tampara Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>3<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Chitrangudi BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2.6<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Koonthankulam BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.72<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bakhira WLS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>28.94<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Haiderpur Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2021<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>69<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kanwar (Kabar) Taal<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bihar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>26.2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Lonar Lake (Impact Crater Lake)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Maharashtra<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.27<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tso Kar (High Altitude Ramsar Site)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of Ladakh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>95.77<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sur Sarovar (Keetham Lake)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.31<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Asan Barrage<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttarakhand<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4.44<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nandur Madhameshwar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Maharashtra<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>14<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Beas CnR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>64<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Keshopur-Miani CmR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>34<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nangal WLS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nawabganj BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Parvati Arga BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>7<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Saman BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Samaspur BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>8<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sandi BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>3<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sarsai Nawar Jheel<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sundarban Wetland (Largest Ramsar Site in India)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>West Bengal<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2019<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>4230<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Nalsarovar BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Gujarat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2012<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>123<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Chandra Taal<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Himachal Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.49<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Renuka Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Himachal Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>0.2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Rudrasagar Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tripura<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2.4<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Hokera Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of JK<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>13.75<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Surinsar-Mansar Lakes<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of JK<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>3.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Upper Ganga River (Brijghat to Narora)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2005<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>265.9<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kolleru Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Andhra Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>901<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Deepor Beel<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Assam<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>40<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Pong Dam Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Himachal Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>156.62<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ashtamudi Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kerala<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>614<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sasthamkotta Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kerala<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>3.73<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bhoj Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>32<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Bhitarkanika Mangroves<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>650<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kanjli Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1.83<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Ropar Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>13.65<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Point Calimere WLS &#038; BS<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>385<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tsomoriri (High Altitude Ramsar Site)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of Ladakh<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>120<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>East Kolkata Wetlands<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>West Bengal<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>2002<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>125<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Loktak Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Manipur<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1990<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>266<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Harike Wetland<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Punjab<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1990<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>41<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Sambhar Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Rajasthan<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1990<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>240<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Wular Lake<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>UT of JK<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1990<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>189<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Chilika Lake (Oldest Ramsar Site in India)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Odisha<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1981<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1165<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Keoladeo National Park<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Rajasthan<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1981<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>28.73<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 55.4176%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Vembanad-Kol Wetland (Longest Lake in India)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.5576%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Kerala<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 7.67494%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1905<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.0895%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>1512.5<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Features of Ramsar Sites in India<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Ramsar Sites in India exhibit a diverse range of features, reflecting the country\u2019s rich ecological and geographical diversity:<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8971%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Biodiversity Hotspots<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramsar Sites in India harbor diverse plant and animal species, providing critical habitat for resident and migratory birds, mammals, reptiles, and aquatic life.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Wetland Types<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s Ramsar Sites encompass various wetland types, including lakes, rivers, estuaries, mangrove forests, marshes, swamps, and coastal lagoons, each supporting unique ecosystems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Mangrove Forests<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coastal Ramsar Sites in India feature extensive mangrove forests, offering breeding grounds for fish, acting as coastal erosion buffers, and storing large amounts of carbon.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Aquatic Vegetation<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramsar Sites often showcase lush aquatic vegetation such as water lilies, lotus, reeds, and submerged plants, crucial for maintaining water quality and providing food and shelter.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Migratory Bird Habitats<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s Ramsar Sites serve as critical stopover points for migratory birds along the Central Asian Flyway, providing food and rest for millions of birds during their journeys.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Endangered Species<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some Ramsar Sites house endangered or threatened species, like Keoladeo National Park, a crucial habitat for the endangered Siberian crane.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Cultural Significance<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramsar Sites often hold cultural and historical significance for local communities, integrated into traditional practices and beliefs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Tourism and Recreation<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several Ramsar Sites attract tourists and nature enthusiasts, offering opportunities for birdwatching, boating, fishing, and eco-tourism, contributing to local economies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Water Supply<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ramsar Sites serve as a source of freshwater for nearby communities, necessitating proper management for sustainable clean water supply.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Research and Education<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Many Ramsar Sites support research and educational activities, serving as living laboratories for studying wetland ecosystems, biodiversity, and conservation strategies.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Climate Resilience<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Wetlands, including Ramsar Sites, play a vital role in climate resilience by absorbing and storing excess water during heavy rainfall and releasing it slowly during dry periods.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0723%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><b>Traditional Practices<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 82.457%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Some Ramsar Sites are managed using traditional and sustainable practices passed down through generations, contributing to the ecological balance of the wetlands.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Initiative Taken for Conservation of Wetlands<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>At Global Level<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Montreux Record: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Montreux Record, <\/span><b>established in 1990, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a register of <\/span><b>wetland sites on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur<\/span><b> as a result of technological developments, pollution, or other human interference.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It serves as a<\/span><b> mechanism to bring attentio<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n to <\/span><b>these sites and facilitate priority conservation measures.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>World Wetlands Day: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on <\/span><b>February 2nd<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to mark the <\/span><b>adoption of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1971<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>AIM: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It aims to raise global awareness about the <\/span><b>vital role of wetlands for people and our planet <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and to<\/span><b> promote actions to reverse their degradation and loss.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Recent Developments in Wetland Conservation in India<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Wetlands of India Portal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Launched on <\/span><b>October 2, 2021,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (<\/span><b>MoEFCC<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), this portal provides comprehensive <\/span><b>information on India&#8217;s wetlands.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It includes <\/span><b>capacity-building material<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, <\/span><b>data repositories<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>dashboards <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for each state and union territory.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>National Wetland Decadal Change Atlas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Prepared by the <\/span><b>Space Applications Centre (SAC), <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ahmedabad, this atlas highlights the <\/span><b>changes in wetlands across the country over the past decade.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management (CWCM)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Established on W<\/span><b>orld Wetland Day 2021,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> this center focuses on addressing research <\/span><b>needs and knowledge gaps in wetland conservation.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Wetlands Rejuvenation Programme<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Initiated by MoEFCC in <\/span><b>2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, this program aims to <\/span><b>rejuvenate over 500 wetlands across Indi<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It includes developing <\/span><b>baseline information,<\/b> <b>rapid assessment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s,<\/span><b> stakeholder engagement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and<\/span><b> management planning.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Integration with River Basin Management<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Namami Gange program integrates wetland conservation with <\/span><b>river basin management<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, serving as a model framework for the entire country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In 2013, the National Wetlands Conservation Programme and the <\/span><b>National Lake Conservation Plan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were combined to create the National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This comprehensive plan reflects a <\/span><b>holistic government approach<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to protecting v<\/span><b>ital aquatic ecosystems.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Amrit Dharohar Scheme:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Launched with the <\/span><b>Union Budget 2023-24<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Amrit Dharohar Scheme is a key initiative aimed at<\/span><b> optimizing wetland utilization over the next three years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its goals include <\/span><b>enhancing biodiversity,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> i<\/span><b>ncreasing carbon stock<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>boosting eco-tourism, and generating income for local communitie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, in line with the government&#8217;s sustainable development vision.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>MoEFCC&#8217;s Wetlands Rejuvenation Programme<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Launched in 2020, the Ministry of Environment, Forest &#038; Climate Change (MoEFCC) initiated the<\/span><b> Wetlands Rejuvenation Programm<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This multifaceted approach<\/span><b> includes developing baseline data, assessing wetland health, establishing stakeholder platforms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and creating <\/span><b>comprehensive management plans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The program covers over <\/span><b>500 wetlands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, showcasing the government&#8217;s dedication to <\/span><b>conserving these essential habitats.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>National Wildlife Action Plan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The National Wildlife Action Plan (2017-2031) emphasizes the <\/span><b>conservation of inland aquatic ecosystems, including wetlands.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It advocates for a national wetlands mission to<\/span><b> preserve these habitats, recognizing their importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Integration with Namami Gange<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: On World Wetlands Day 2021, the <\/span><b>Ministry of Jal Shakti highlighted the integration of wetland conservatio<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n with the Namami Gange program.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) has <\/span><b>pioneered initiatives that serve as models for wetland conservation nationwide.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a 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Sites.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":126814,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2089],"subject":[4642],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/126425"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126425"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/126425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":126822,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/126425\/revisions\/126822"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/126814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=126425"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=126425"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=126425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}