{"id":130115,"date":"2024-09-05T19:53:33","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T14:23:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&p=130115"},"modified":"2024-09-06T13:51:26","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T08:21:26","slug":"news-in-shorts-05-september-2024","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-05-september-2024","title":{"rendered":"News in Shorts: 05 September 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Rajaji Tiger Reserve<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

Context: <\/b>Ahead of the hearing in the Supreme Court, the Uttarakhand government r<\/span>emoved an Indian Forest Service officer from the office of Director<\/b> of Rajaji Tiger Reserve.<\/span><\/p>\n

About Rajaji Tiger Reserve<\/b><\/p>\n

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  • Location: <\/b>It is an <\/span>Indian national park and tiger reserve<\/b> spread over three districts of Uttarakhand:<\/span> Haridwar, Dehradun and Pauri Garhwal<\/b>.<\/span>\n
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    • It is situated along the<\/span> hills and foothills of the Shiwalik ranges\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Background:<\/b> In the year <\/span>1983,\u00a0 Rajaji Wildlife Sanctuary was merged with Motichur and Chilla wildlife sanctuaries<\/b> and made into <\/span>Rajaji National Park.<\/b>\n
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      • It was named after the famous freedom fighter <\/span>C. Rajgopalachari who\u2019s popularly known as \u201cRajaji\u201d<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Tiger Reserve Declaration:<\/b> It was declared a <\/span>Tiger Reserve in 2015 <\/b>as the 4<\/span>8th tiger reserve of the country.<\/b><\/li>\n
      • Flora:<\/b> Diverse forest types ranging from <\/span>semi-evergreen to deciduous <\/b>and from <\/span>mixed broad-leaved to Terai grassland<\/b>\n
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        • Sal (Shorea robusta)<\/b> is the<\/span> characteristic dominant tree species.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Fauna:<\/b> It is known for its <\/span>population of Tigers, Elephants, Leopard<\/b>s, and other wildlife species such as <\/span>Spotted Deer, Barking Deer , Sloth bears et<\/b>c.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Rivers<\/b>: The <\/span>Ganga<\/b> and<\/span> Song rivers flow <\/b>through this.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Complex Brains Evolution to Adapt to Challenging Habitats<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Anoles\"<\/td>\n

Context: <\/b>Recently, researchers noted that animals in complex habitats face greater cognitive challenges due to more movement coordination along a large potential path.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Key Highlights of the Study:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

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  • Traditionally, brain complexity was thought to be related to brain size, but the research on lizards from Puerto Rico suggests habitat plays a key role.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • The researchers <\/span>\u00a0studied six species of anoles<\/b>, lizards known for their adaptive abilities, from different habitats ranging from tree trunks to the canopy.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  • They found that lizards living in more complex environments, like tree canopies, had denser neurons in their brains.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  • This suggests that navigating diverse habitats may drive the evolution of more complex brains.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    About Anoles<\/b><\/p>\n

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    • Anoles are a specific type of lizard<\/span>\n
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      • Lizards are a broad group of reptiles<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Scientific name:<\/b> Anolis carolinensis (green)<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Conservation status<\/b>: Least concern<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Classification:<\/b> common green anole and \u201cCuban brown anole<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Physical traits:<\/b> Anoles are known for their ability to change skin color, dewlaps, and adhesive toe pads.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles <\/b>(FAME)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"FAME\"<\/td>\n

Context: <\/b>The government is expected to finalize the <\/span>third phase of its flagship electric mobility adoption scheme FAME<\/b> in the next two months.<\/span><\/p>\n

About Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME)-III<\/b><\/p>\n

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  • Continuation of Efforts<\/b>: It has been launched to address the issues faced in the first two phases of the FAME scheme.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Replacement of EMPS:<\/b> It will replace the temporary Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme (EMPS) 2024, expiring in September.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Follow-up to FAME-II<\/b>: FAME III builds up on FAME-II, which began in 2019. FAME II had an initial outlay of \u20b910,000 crore and was extended to March 2024 with an additional \u20b91,500 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Target Support:<\/b> The initial target of the scheme was to support 10 lakh electric two-wheelers, 5 lakh electric three-wheelers, 55,000 electric passenger cars, and 7,000 electric buses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    About FAME Scheme:<\/b><\/p>\n

    FAME-I:<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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    • FAME India, part of the <\/span>National Electric Mobility Mission Plan<\/b>, aims to promote electric and hybrid vehicle adoption by providing upfront purchase incentives.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • The scheme began in 2015 and was completed on 31st March 2019, with an outlay of Rs 895 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • This phase of FAME India Scheme had four focus areas i.e. technological development, demand generation, pilot project and charging infrastructure components.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      FAME-II<\/b><\/p>\n

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      • FAME was rolled out in <\/span>2019<\/b> with an initial outlay of <\/span>\u20b910,000 crore for three years<\/b>. It was later extended till 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • This phase mainly focuses on supporting the <\/span>electrification of public & shared transportation<\/b> through demand incentives for eBuses, e-3 Wheelers, e-4 Wheeler Passenger Cars and e-2 Wheelers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Project Strawberry<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Project<\/td>\n

Context:<\/b> OpenAI plans to release its most powerful AI model, codenamed Project Strawberry, which could be integrated into ChatGPT-5.<\/span><\/p>\n

About Project Strawberry:<\/b><\/p>\n

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  • It is being developed by OpenAI to enhance autonomous Internet research and dramatically improve AI reasoning capabilities.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Key Feature:<\/b>\n
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    • Better math, programming and puzzle solving skills<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Advanced levels of thinking<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Potential Applications:<\/b>\n
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      • Autonomously conduct experiments<\/b>, analyze data, and come up with new hypotheses.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Personalized education, creating educational content and interactive lessons<\/b>.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Generation of high-quality training data<\/b> for OpenAI\u2019s next-frontier model, codenamed <\/span>Orion<\/b>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Bird Dung Crab Spider (Phrynarachne decipiens)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Bird<\/td>\n

Context: <\/b>Assam has added a species of spider whose web mimics a bird\u2019s excrement to India\u2019s list of arachnids.<\/span><\/p>\n

Key Features of Phrynarachne Decipiens:<\/b><\/p>\n

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  • Distribution:<\/b> The Phrynarachne decipiens, also known as the bird dung or bird-dropping crab spider, was known to be distributed in <\/span>Malaysia and Indonesia\u2019s Java and Sumatra<\/b>.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Discovery in India<\/b>: It has been recorded for the first time in India from <\/span>Assam\u2019s Sonapur in the Kamrup district<\/b> and the Chirang Reserve Forest in the Kokrajhar district.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Physical Features:<\/b><\/li>\n
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    • Camouflage: <\/b>The chalky white color of the spider and whitish deposition (its web) on the leaves, looking like bird excreta, make it very difficult to be sighted.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Length: <\/b>The eight-eyed bird dung crab spider was measured at 13.14 mm long.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Behavior:<\/b> The spider is usually seen lying motionless 1-2 ft above the ground on the upper side of broad leaves.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Exercise Varuna<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Exercise<\/td>\n

Context:<\/b> A P8I aircraft of the Indian Navy has reached France to participate in \u2018Exercise Varuna\u2019 with the French Navy.<\/span><\/p>\n

About Varuna Exercise:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n