{"id":132218,"date":"2024-09-16T19:23:54","date_gmt":"2024-09-16T13:53:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=132218"},"modified":"2025-02-13T15:59:06","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T10:29:06","slug":"commons-and-role-of-community-leadership","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/commons-and-role-of-community-leadership","title":{"rendered":"Commons and Role of Community Leadership"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delhi recently hosted a unique event focused on the conservation, restoration, and governance of common resources like<\/span><b> forests, community lands, and water bodies.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What Are Commons?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commons are resources not owned by individuals or the government but shared by the community.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Examples: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forests, ponds, grazing lands, rivers, sacred sites, and urban parks.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Intangible Commons:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Include language, folk art, traditions, and knowledge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Global Commons:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Polar regions, outer space, and other planetary bodies are shared by all and not owned by any country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Digital Commons:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Internet resources and open-source software are also considered\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commons.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Commons in India<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About one-fourth of India&#8217;s land, roughly 205 million acres, is considered Commons.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These Commons support around 350 million rural people and generate an estimated Rs 6.6 lakh crore annually in economic value.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Importance of Commons<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ecological Services: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commons provide essential services like clean air, water, and biodiversity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Community Well-being: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They contribute to the economic and social well-being of communities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Sustainable Development: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commons are crucial for sustainable development and climate resilience.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Cultural Heritage: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many commons have cultural and historical significance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Shared Resources: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They are valuable assets that belong to everyone in the community.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Challenges in Governing Commons<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Over-exploitation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lack of individual ownership can lead to overuse and damage of resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Maintenance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Responsibility often falls on the community, which may lack resources or legal authority.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Climate Change: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commons face increased stress due to climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Governance Mechanisms for Commons<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>International Level:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Agreements:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Exist for managing polar regions, outer space, and high seas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Example: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paris Agreement on climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>National Level<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Urban Areas:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Local Governance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Municipalities or other structures manage commons.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Rural Levels:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Often Undefined or Non-existent:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Governance of commons is often poorly defined or absent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Community Involvement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Local communities participate but often lack resources or legal authority.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-132661 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-scaled.webp\" alt=\"Commons \" width=\"399\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-scaled.webp 2560w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-300x162.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-1024x552.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-768x414.webp 768w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-1536x829.webp 1536w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-2048x1105.webp 2048w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/unnamed-copy-66ead0e840c17-1568x846.webp 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 399px) 100vw, 399px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Role of Community Leadership in Managing Commons<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Prevents Overuse: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps avoid the overuse of shared resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Sustainable Management: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local communities have better knowledge and can implement sustainable practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Collective Responsibility:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Promotes everyone working together to protect the Commons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Tailored Solutions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allows for solutions that fit the specific needs of the community.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Empowerment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Gives local communities control over the resources they depend on.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9987%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Aspects of Managing Commons<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Historical view:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was once believed that local Commons like grazing lands and water bodies would be overused and depleted.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This\u00a0 concept is\u00a0 known as the <\/span><b>&#8220;Tragedy of the Commons.&#8221;<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The solution for such an issue is the regulation by either the government or markets to prevent over-exploitation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Elinor Ostrom\u2019s research<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ostrom showed that <\/span><b>community-led management of Common<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s is more sustainable than government or market control.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her work revolutionized the understanding of<\/span><b> Commons governance.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-132660\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-scaled.webp\" alt=\"Commons \" width=\"752\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-scaled.webp 2560w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-300x163.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-1024x556.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-768x417.webp 768w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-1536x834.webp 1536w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-2048x1112.webp 2048w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-66ead0da4c1cc-1568x851.webp 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Acknowledge Local Rights: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recognize and support the rights of local communities in managing commons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Implement Effective Schemes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Utilize programs like NREGA, com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pensatory afforestation, and green credits to govern commons more effectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Develop a Model Commons Bill: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Create a comprehensive legal framework for governing commons at the state level.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Encourage Community-Led Initiatives: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Support and promote grassroots organizations and their efforts in managing commons.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9987%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Forest Rights Act (FRA) as a Model<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The 2006 Forest Rights Act gives ownership rights to forest dwellers, enabling them to live and work in forests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The FRA recognized the role of indigenous communities in conserving forest resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>NREGA<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">NREGA, also known as MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It aims to <\/span><b>provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to rural households each year.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By involving rural workers in activities like waterbody restoration, reforestation, and land conservation, NREGA helps <\/span><b>preserve and maintain Common<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s like forests, community lands, and water bodies.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9358%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 139.868%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td 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target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Test Series 2024<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/quiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Current Affairs Quiz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.3327%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Main Answer Writing<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 139.868%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Delhi recently hosted a unique event focused on the conservation, restoration, and governance of common resources like forests, community lands, and water bodies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2089],"subject":[2100],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/132218"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=132218"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/132218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":132730,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/132218\/revisions\/132730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=132218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=132218"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=132218"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=132218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}