{"id":132958,"date":"2024-09-19T19:27:41","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T13:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=132958"},"modified":"2024-09-20T12:16:40","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T06:46:40","slug":"isro-chandrayaan-4-mission","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/isro-chandrayaan-4-mission","title":{"rendered":"ISRO\u2019s Missions Approved"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union Cabinet has <\/span><b>approved funds for four space projects of ISRO in line with the Vision 2047<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mapped by the space agency.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>The Approved Projects Include<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-132961 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/191-66ec27e1cc189.webp\" alt=\"ISRO\" width=\"408\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/191-66ec27e1cc189.webp 627w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/191-66ec27e1cc189-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/191-66ec27e1cc189-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 408px) 100vw, 408px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Chandrayaan 4 Mission<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Budget: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The project was <\/span><b>approved for Rs 2,014 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and is slated for<\/span><b> launch in 2027<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for a period of 36 months.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Goal: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0To <\/span><b>lay the foundation for India\u2019s plan to land astronauts on the Moon by 2040.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Modules:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The mission will have<\/span><b> five modules across two separate launches <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and is <\/span><b>designed to land on Moon, collect samples, store them in a vacuum container, and bring them back to Earth.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>The Venus Orbiter Mission<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tentative date <\/span><b>for launch is March 2028 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for the Venus mission, when the Earth and Venus will be at their closest.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It will be<\/span><b> India\u2019s second planetary mission after the Mars Orbiter Mission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2014.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Budget: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he project has been approved <\/span><b>for R 1,236 crore.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Mission Objective:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To study the,\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Surface and Subsurface Stratigraphy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It involves understanding of\u00a0 its geological history and resurfacing processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Atmosphere: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It will study the composition, dynamics, and chemistry of Venus&#8217; thick atmosphere, including the enigmatic phenomena like the greenhouse effect.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Ionosphere: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mission will also examine how Venus&#8217; ionosphere interacts with solar irradiance and solar wind, contributing to our knowledge of planetary atmosphere<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>interaction of the planet with the sun.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Importance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This mission will explore Venus Evolution (considered Earth\u2019s Twin Planet)<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Evolution: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study aims to answer the <\/span><b>question of how the planetary environments evolve differently inspite the similar beginnings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as Venus also had the same beginning as did Earth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>To Explore the Possibility of Life:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>presence of phosphine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (a gas that is usually associated with biological processes) in Venus&#8217; atmosphere may show signs of life in its upper atmosphere, requiring further exploration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Gaganyaan and Bhartiya Antriksh Station (The Indian Space Station):\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is planned to be<\/span><b> India&#8217;s own space station<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for scientific research which is<\/span><b> planned to be operationalised by 2035<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the only two functioning space stations are the US-led International Space Station and China\u2019s Tiangong.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Cabinet has approved the<\/span><b> development of the first module of the Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS-1) by December 2029.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>The Revised Gaganyaan Programme:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Initially approved in <\/span><b>December 2018, the mission aims for human spaceflight to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and focuses on <\/span><b>completing eight missions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by December 2029.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Budget:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Both the Gaganyaan mission and the setting up of the Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS) is approved <\/span><b>at the cost of Rs 20,193 crore<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Next Generation Launch Vehicle:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It aims to<\/span><b> increase ISRO\u2019s launch capability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the current 10 Tonnes <\/span><b>to the low earth orbit to 30 Tonnes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the low earth orbit.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s existing launch vehicles, including PSLV, GSLV, LVM3, and SSLV, can launch satellites<\/span><b> up to 10 tonnes to LEO and 4 tonnes t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o Geo-Synchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This launch vehicle<\/span><b> is one of the requirements for setting up the Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS).<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Budget: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The project will cost Rs <\/span><b>8,239 crore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and will have<\/span><b> three development flights with a target of 8 years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the completion of the development phase.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9294%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 137.821%; 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