{"id":133559,"date":"2024-09-21T19:06:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-21T13:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=133559"},"modified":"2024-09-23T15:23:38","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T09:53:38","slug":"adulteration-and-fssai","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/adulteration-and-fssai","title":{"rendered":"Food Adulteration and FSSAI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The controversy surrounding the use of adulterated ghee in the famous Tirupati laddus has sparked concerns over food quality and safety<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allegations surfaced that ghee supplied to the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) was mixed with cheaper vegetable oils and even animal fats, undermining its authenticity and purity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What is Food Adulteration?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> defines adulteration as the replacement of a food substance by a low-grade or inexpensive material, rendering it injurious to health.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Different Kinds of <\/b><b>Food Adulteration<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vegetable Oils<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Ghee is often adulterated with cheaper oils like palm, soyabean, and sunflower oil, which cost significantly less.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Animal Fats<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Allegations in the Tirupati laddu case include adulteration with beef tallow and pork lard, which are cheaper than ghee.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Synthetic Additives<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Chemicals and synthetic substances are used to enhance appearance or shelf life, often at the cost of nutritional value.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Reasons of Food Adulteration<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Economic Factors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Food businesses may add cheaper ingredients to increase their profit margin.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, adding <\/span><b>water to milk, sawdust to spices, or synthetic colours to fruits and vegetables are common forms of adulteration.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Regulatory Factors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Weak food laws, understaffed or poorly trained food regulators, or corruption can create an environment where food adulteration can thrive.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8996%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>State Food Safety Index (SFSI)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Purpose:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To evaluate food safety performance across Indian states and UTs.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Release:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Annually on June 7th (World Food Safety Day).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Assessment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Based on five key food safety parameters.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Data Sources:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> FSSAI online platforms (FoSCoS, FoSCoRIS, FoSTaC, INFoLNET, State portals).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>First Release:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> June 7, 2019.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The Index is a dynamic quantitative and qualitative benchmarking model that provides an objective framework for evaluating food safety across all States\/UTs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It measures the performance of states on five significant parameters of Food Safety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Kerala has once again secured the top spot in the 2024 State Food Safety Index (SFSI), marking its second consecutive year as the leader in food safety across India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Misrepresentation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Adulteration can mimic a more well-known food to improve its aesthetic appeal or include false claims about the origin of a food.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Labelling a synthetically derived flavour chemical as naturally derived.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Improper Handling:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Improper handling practices during harvesting or processing can cause defects in grains and other food items.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Health Impact of Food Adulteration<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nutritional Deficiency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Adulteration deprives consumers of essential nutrients, as in the case of ghee replaced by vegetable fats.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Digestive Issues<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Consumption of adulterated fats can lead to digestive problems, especially for those sensitive to certain oils or fats.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Long-Term Health Risks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Regular intake of adulterated food can increase the risk of chronic diseases such as heart ailments, hypertension, and obesity due to poor-quality fats.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Provisions to Curb Food Adulteration<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: This act provides the legal framework to ensure food safety, repealing older laws like the <\/span><b>Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It empowers authorities to regulate food production and ensure safety standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Licensing &#038; Regulation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The act mandates food businesses to obtain licences and adhere to safety regulations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Imposes penalties, including imprisonment and fines, for food adulteration offences, with severe penalties for unsafe food practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>FSSAI and its role<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India is a<\/span><b> statutory body <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">established under the <\/span><b>Food Safety and Standards Act, of 2006.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nodal Ministry:<\/b> <b>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>regulates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the manufacture, storage, distribution, sale, and import of food articles, while also establishing standards to ensure food safety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Monitoring and Testing: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FSSAI has established platforms like <\/span><b>DART (Detect Adulteration with Rapid Test),<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which allows for real-time testing of food products for contaminants.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coordination with State Bodies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> FSSAI works in collaboration with state-level food safety officers and commissioners to ensure compliance with food safety laws.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Consumer Protection: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Through standards and regulations, FSSAI aims to protect public health by minimising the risk of food adulteration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Initiatives for better food choice<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> Eat Right India movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a government initiative aimed at<\/span><b> promoting healthy eating habits and food safety in India.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It encourages people to make informed food choices and adopt a balanced diet. Key components of the movement include:<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Public awareness campaigns:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Promoting healthy eating through various channels like social media, print media, and television.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Healthy food environments:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Creating environments that support healthy eating choices, such as promoting healthy food options in schools and workplaces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nutrition education:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Providing nutrition education to individuals and communities to help them make informed food choices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9257%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 137.804%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; 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