{"id":136830,"date":"2024-10-10T19:21:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T13:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=136830"},"modified":"2025-02-13T11:45:06","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T06:15:06","slug":"national-maritime-heritage-complex-at-lothal","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/national-maritime-heritage-complex-at-lothal","title":{"rendered":"National Maritime Heritage Complex"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union Cabinet recently approved the development of the National Maritime Heritage Complex Lothal in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About the project\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136811 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/105-6707d73fd1921.webp\" alt=\"National Maritime Heritage Complex\" width=\"379\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/105-6707d73fd1921.webp 726w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/105-6707d73fd1921-300x256.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Project<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Development of the <\/span><b>National Maritime Heritage Complex<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at <\/span><b>Lothal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Gujarat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aim<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: To showcase <\/span><b>India\u2019s 4,500-year-old maritime heritage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, making it the world\u2019s largest maritime complex.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nodal Authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Key Features<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Phase 1A<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently under implementation with over <\/span><b>60% progress<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, expected completion by <\/span><b>2025<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Phase 1B<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Involves the construction of a <\/span><b>Lighthouse Museum<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, expected to be the <\/span><b>world\u2019s tallest<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Will feature <\/span><b>eight galleries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Indian Navy &#038; Coast Guard Gallery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (with external naval artefacts like <\/span><b>INS Nishank<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Sea Harrier aircraft<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>UH3 helicopter<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>replica of Lothal township<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with an <\/span><b>open aquatic gallery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and a <\/span><b>jetty walkway<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Funding for the Lighthouse Museum will come from the <\/span><b>Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Phase 2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Coastal States Pavilions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to be developed by the respective coastal states and union territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Lothal<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136812 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/106-6707d73f05959.webp\" alt=\"National Maritime Heritage Complex\" width=\"379\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/106-6707d73f05959.webp 653w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/106-6707d73f05959-300x233.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Discovered<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 1954 by<\/span><b> S.R. Rao<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Indian archaeologist.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Location<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Southernmost site<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), <\/span><b>only port-town<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Situated along the<\/span><b> Bhogava River, a tributary of the Sabarmati<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, near the Gulf of Khambhat.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Etymology:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Derived from the Gujarati words <\/span><b>\u201cLoth\u201d (dead) and \u201cthal\u201d (mound)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, meaning \u201cthe mound of the dead.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Trade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Thriving centre for trade in beads, gems, and ornaments, with exports reaching West Asia and Africa.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This dockyard facilitated maritime trade with <\/span><b>Mesopotamia, Egypt, and other regions.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Key Features<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Tidal Dockyard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oldest known artificial dockyard in the world.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Connected the city to an ancient course of the Sabarmati River.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Architecture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Divided into two parts:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Citadel (Upper Town)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lower Town<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Seals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lothal has the <\/span><b>3rd largest number of seals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> among IVC sites.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Depicted animals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: short-horned bulls, mountain goats, tigers, composite animals like the elephant bull.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pottery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Redware pottery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> used for daily activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Terracotta Art<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Gamesmen <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">resembling modern-day chess pieces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Animal figures <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with wheels and movable heads (used as toys).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Important Sites of IVC<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Harappa in present Pakistan:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Granaries with big platforms, Stone symbol of lingam and yoni, Mother goddess figure, Wheat and barley in wooden mortar, Dice, Copper scale and Mirror.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Dholavira in Gujarat: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Giant water reservoir, Unique water harnessing system, Stadium, Dams and embankments, Inscription comprising 10 large sized signs like an advertisement board.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Ropar in Punjab<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Dog buried with human oval pit burials<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Mohenjo\u2013daro in present Pakistan:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Bronze dancing girl, the sculpture of a bearded priest, the great bath, the great granary.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Balathal and Kalibangan in Rajasthan:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Bangle factory, toy carts, bones of camel, decorated bricks, citadel and lower town.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Banawali in Haryana:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Toy plough, barley grains, oval-shaped settlement, the only city with radial streets.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.043%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 130.811%; 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