{"id":137062,"date":"2024-10-11T19:30:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T14:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=137062"},"modified":"2024-10-14T17:03:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T11:33:31","slug":"government-declares-hizb-ut-tahrir-a-terrorist-organisation","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/government-declares-hizb-ut-tahrir-a-terrorist-organisation","title":{"rendered":"Government declares Hizb-ut-Tahrir a terrorist organisation under UAPA Act"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Union Home Ministry designated Hizb-ut-Tahrir (HuT) as a terrorist organisation under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA).<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Hizb-ut-Tahrir Becomes 45th Organisation Banned Under UAPA Act<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HuT is the 45th organisation to be banned under UAPA in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This classification reflects ongoing efforts to curb unlawful activities and maintain national security.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What led to the ban under UAPA?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Involvement in radicalization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: HuT has been accused of radicalizing youth and motivating them to join terrorist organisations like ISIS.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Raising funds for terror<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The group is involved in raising funds for terrorist activities, posing a threat to India&#8217;s national security and sovereignty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Goal to establish a global Caliphate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: HuT aims to overthrow democratically elected governments and establish an Islamic state through jihad and terrorist activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Use of social media and secure apps<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The group spreads its ideology through social media, secure apps, and Dawah meetings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>NIA action<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The National Investigation Agency (NIA) arrested Faizul Rahman, the state &#8216;amir&#8217; of HuT in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, on charges of conspiracy related to secessionism.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About UAPA Act<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enactment and Purpose: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The UAPA was passed in <\/span><b>1967<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, following recommendations from the Committee on <\/span><b>National Integration and Regionalism <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appointed by the National Integration Council.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was enacted to prevent unlawful activities that threaten the sovereignty and integrity of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constitutional Basis: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Constitution (Sixteenth Amendment) Act, 1963<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> amended Article 19(2), allowing Parliament to impose reasonable restrictions on:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom of speech and expression<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The right to assemble peacefully<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The right to form associations or unions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Unlawful Activity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Defined as any action intended to disrupt India\u2019s territorial integrity and sovereignty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Scope:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The UAPA applies to both Indian and foreign nationals and is enforceable throughout India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Forfeiture of Proceeds:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Under Section 24A, proceeds derived from terrorism can be forfeited to the Central or State Government, regardless of whether the individual has been convicted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Exemptions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Individuals who were members of a now-banned organization before its designation as a terrorist group, and who did not engage in its activities afterward, are exempted from provisions of the UAPA.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Amendments to the UAPA\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>2004 Amendment<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the term<\/span><b> \u201cterrorist act\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and allowed the banning of organisations involved in terrorist activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a result, 34 organisations, including Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammad, were banned.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>2019 Amendment<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Empowered the Central Government to designate individuals as terrorists based on specific criteria.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Granted the Director-General of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) authority to approve the seizure or attachment of property related to ongoing investigations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allowed NIA officers of Inspector rank or above to investigate terrorism-related cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.5984%; text-align: center;\"><b>Arguments in Favour of UAPA<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 51.8926%; text-align: center;\"><b>Arguments Against UAPA<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.5984%;\"><b>National Security: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides strong legal tools to combat terrorism and protect sovereignty.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 51.8926%;\"><b>Misuse of Power: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can be misused to target dissent and curb civil liberties.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.5984%;\"><b>Preventive Detention:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Allows preventive action to disrupt potential terrorist activities.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 51.8926%;\"><b>Vague Definition of Terrorism:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Broad definitions lead to arbitrary arrests.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.5984%;\"><b>Global Compliance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Aligns with international anti-terrorism protocols.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 51.8926%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of Judicial Oversight: Detentions without charge for up to 180 days weaken due process.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.5984%;\"><b>Strengthened Law Enforcement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Empowers agencies to tackle emerging terror threats.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 51.8926%;\"><b>Human Rights Concerns: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prolonged detentions and denial of bail violate fundamental rights.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.043%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 130.811%; 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