{"id":139765,"date":"2024-10-24T20:48:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T15:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=139765"},"modified":"2024-10-25T11:40:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T06:10:46","slug":"indias-first-teal-carbon-study","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/indias-first-teal-carbon-study","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s First teal Carbon Study"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, India\u2019s first study on <\/span><b>\u2018teal carbon\u2019, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0was undertaken at<\/span><b> Keoladeo National Park (KNP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Rajasthan\u2019s Bharatpur district.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Collaboration and Research<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study was conducted by the Central University of Rajasthan, in collaboration with international researchers from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Kenyon College.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research at KNP focused on assessing the status and role of teal carbon in combating climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Teal Carbon<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Teal carbon refers to <\/span><b>carbon stored in non-tidal freshwater wetlands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including vegetation, microbial biomass, and organic matter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It differs from black and brown carbon, which come from incomplete combustion of organic matter and contribute to global warming.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Colour-Based Classification of Carbon<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scientists classify carbon into different types based on its function, characteristics, and location in the carbon cycle. Here are the main types:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Types of Carbon<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Purple Carbon: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon from air or industrial emissions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Blue Carbon: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon stored in marine plants and sediments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Teal Carbon<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Carbon stored in freshwater and wetland environments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Green Carbon: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon stored in terrestrial plants and forests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Black Carbon:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Carbon emitted from burning fossil fuels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Grey Carbon:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Carbon from industrial emissions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Brown Carbon<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Carbon from the incomplete combustion of organic matter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Red Carbon:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Carbon released through biological particles on snow and ice, reducing albedo.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Challenges Faced by Teal Carbon Ecosystems<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Anthropogenic activities:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pollution, construction, and land use changes threaten wetland health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Methane emissions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Wetlands can emit methane, a potent greenhouse gas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Hydrological fragmentation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Many wetlands are being degraded and fragmented.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Teal Carbon&#8217;s Role in Climate Change Mitigation<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Effective Carbon Storage<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetlands, especially peatlands, store carbon more efficiently than forests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peatlands can store up to 40 times more carbon than tropical forests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This helps lower CO2 levels in the atmosphere, reducing global warming.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Regulating Greenhouse Gases<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetlands both absorb CO2 and emit methane, a powerful greenhouse gas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The overall impact depends on the type and condition of the wetland.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Properly managed wetlands act as carbon sinks, aiding climate mitigation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Enhancing Climate Resilience<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetlands influence temperature, rainfall, and humidity, helping to regulate local climate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They provide protection from floods and droughts, acting as natural buffers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetland conservation increases resilience against climate change impacts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Supporting Biodiversity<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetlands are home to a wide variety of plants and animals.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h4><span style=\"font-size: 15pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Global Teal Carbon Storage<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global teal carbon storage is estimated at <\/span><b>500.21 petagrams of carbon (PgC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Significant contributions come from <\/span><b>peatlands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>freshwater swamps<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>natural freshwater marshes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Benefits:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Beyond carbon storage, wetlands help with groundwater levels, flood control, and heat reduction.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conserving wetlands helps protect biodiversity and keeps ecosystems healthy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Providing Ecosystem Services<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wetlands offer services like water filtration, flood control, and nutrient cycling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protecting wetlands ensures the continuation of these vital services for humans and nature.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Key findings of the study<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Methane Emissions<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study found high levels of methane emissions in the wetlands at KNP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The use of specialised biochar, a type of charcoal, could help reduce these emissions.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biochar is a carbon rich material made from organic sources like wood and plants.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is produced through a process called<\/span><b> \u201cpyrolysis\u201d.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li><b>Pyrolysis is a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">process of heating organic matter at a low temperature.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Environmental Threats<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Degraded wetlands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can release harmful gases like <\/span><b>methane<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>carbon dioxide<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urgent <\/span><b>conservation efforts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are needed to prevent further degradation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Conservation Recommendations<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Effective <\/span><b>water management<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and planting of <\/span><b>suitable vegetation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are necessary to sustain <\/span><b>teal carbon pools<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proper conservation would also benefit <\/span><b>groundwater levels, flood control<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and help reduce <\/span><b>urban heat islands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.043%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 130.811%; 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