{"id":140328,"date":"2024-10-28T19:44:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T14:14:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=140328"},"modified":"2024-10-29T10:57:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T05:27:53","slug":"indian-space-programme","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/indian-space-programme","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s Expanding Space Programme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>I<\/strong><\/span><b>ndian Space Programme<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is on the cusp of important <\/span><b>new beginnings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with <\/span><b>government approval<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for new projects like work on a <\/span><b>new rocket<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>new moon and Venus missions.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Space Vision 2047:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India Aims for its<\/span><b> own Space Station<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Moon Landing <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by <\/span><b>2040<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Recent Key Approvals By the Indian Government For the Indian Space Programme<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Gaganyaan and Space Station Missions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Government has approved <\/span><b>four<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> new missions under the \u2018<\/span><b>Gaganyaan\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> human spaceflight program.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Four missions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to test <\/span><b>technologies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>India\u2019s first space station<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>Bharatiya Antariksh Station 1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, expected by <\/span><b>2028<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional funding of<\/span><b> Rs 11,170 crore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was allocated for these missions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.897%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Gaganyaan: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It envisages demonstration of<\/span><b> human spaceflight <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">capability by launching a <\/span><b>crew of 3 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to an <\/span><b>orbit of 400 km<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for a <\/span><b>3 days mission <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and bringing them back safely to earth, by landing in Indian sea waters.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">will be <\/span><b>India&#8217;s own space station<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for scientific research.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the <\/span><b>only two functioning space stations <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are the <\/span><b>International Space Station and China\u2019s Tiangong.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Development of the NGLV has been approved with an allocated <\/span><b>Rs 8,240 crore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, covering costs of the rocket\u2019s first three development flights.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>New Launch Pad at Sriharikota:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Has been approved for testing and launching the NGLV.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Next-Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Next Generation Launch Vehicle or NGLV or <\/span><b>&#8220;Soorya&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a <\/span><b>three-stage partially reusable Heavy-lift launch vehicle<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, currently <\/span><b>under development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the <\/span><b>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>NGLV<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is designed to <\/span><b>deliver 3 times the current payload capability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at 1.5 times the cost of the LVM3.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capable of carrying <\/span><b>up to 30 tonnes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to<\/span><b> Low Earth Orbit (LEO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with a reusable first stage, promoting cost-effective and sustainable space access.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Incorporates modular <\/span><b>green propulsion systems.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Space-Based Surveillance (SBS): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Cabinet has approved the<\/span><b> third phase<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Space Based Surveillance (SBS) missions, which<\/span><b> includes 52 satellites for Rs 26,968 crore.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7992%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Space-Based Surveillance (SBS)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The SBS project aims to <\/span><b>enhance land and maritime domain awareness<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for civilian and military applications through <\/span><b>52 new satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>geostationary orbit (GEO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>LEO Satellites: Provide high-resolution imaging for tracking ground movements.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>GEO Satellites: Enable broader surveillance of key regions.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Significance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These satellites will <\/span><b>monitor infrastructure development<\/b> <b>by adversaries <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">along India&#8217;s borders, particularly the<\/span><b> Line of Actual Control (LAC) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with China and the <\/span><b>India-Pakistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> border.<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To <\/span><b>detect and counter hostile submarines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>naval forces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the<\/span><b> Indian Ocean, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">crucial for safeguarding India&#8217;s maritime security amid China&#8217;s expanding influence.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Upcoming Satellite Launches<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A PSLV by Hindustan Aeronautics, Ltd., and Larsen &#038; Toubro is anticipated by late 2024 or early 2025.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>New Space India, Ltd. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">will select a <\/span><b>private entity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to <\/span><b>commercialise the LVM-3.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>NewSpace India Limited<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a <\/span><b>Public Sector Undertaking<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Government of India and under the Department of Space.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.4967%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Facts about Venus<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Venus is the <\/span><b>second planet from the Sun<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>Earth&#8217;s closest planetary neighbour.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>third brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>spins slowly in the opposite direction<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from most planets.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It is similar in structure and size to Earth, and is sometimes called Earth&#8217;s evil twin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>hottest planet in our solar system as the<\/b> <b>thick atmosphere traps heat in a runaway greenhouse effect<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below the dense, persistent clouds, t<\/span><b>he surface has volcanoes and deformed mountains.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Venus Mission:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A <\/span><b>Venus Orbiter Mission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is scheduled for a <\/span><b>March 2028<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> launch window, costing Rs <\/span><b>1,236 crore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the mission, scientists hope to study the <\/span><b>planet\u2019s acerbic surface <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>atmosphere<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to understand how different planets of the Solar System evolved.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Chandrayaan-4<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It will be a <\/span><b>sample-return mission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with a budget of Rs 2,104 crore.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Dual Launch Strategy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Its components will be launched on <\/span><b>two separate LVM-3 launch vehicles.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Earth Orbit Docking: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They will dock in <\/span><b>earth orbit before going to the moon<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and land on the surface near the location of Chandrayaan 3.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Sample Collection: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lander will scoop up samples of lunar soil and rock for analysis.The<\/span><b> samples will be transported back to Earth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a <\/span><b>specially designed canister.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Space Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> formulates the <\/span><b>policies and oversees the implementation of the Indian space programme.<\/b><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Space Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> also approved a joint moon mission with <\/span><b>Japan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> called the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX).\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>LUPEX<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is also known as <\/span><b>Chandrayaan-5<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For LUPEX, <\/span><b>ISRO<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is developing a <\/span><b>different moon lander<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than the one it used for <\/span><b>Chandrayaan-3 (Vikram Lander)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> , and which it hopes <\/span><b>can be used in crewed lunar missions in future.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>International Collaborations<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>NISAR Satellite:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will be launched via a <\/span><b>Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in early 2025.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is an earth-observation satellite.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Proba-3 Mission:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is a mission of the <\/span><b>European Space Agency (ESA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to <\/span><b>study the Sun&#8217;s corona <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and is scheduled for a<\/span><b> Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-XL (PSLV-XL)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> launch on November 29, 2024.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Dual-Satellite Solar Observation Mission: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It will have two satellites flying in formation:\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>One Satellite<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will <\/span><b>gaze at the Sun<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>The other one<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will <\/span><b>block the first satellite\u2019s view of the Sun\u2019s central area<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, like creating an eclipse, <\/span><b>leaving only light from the corona to hit the cameras.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India previously launched<\/span><b> Proba-1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on the <\/span><b>PSLV-C3 mission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in <\/span><b>2001<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>Green Propulsion System <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is an environmentally friendly technology that <\/span><b>uses propellants producing fewer toxic byproducts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to <\/span><b>minimise harmful emissions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in space missions.<\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Private Sector Innovations<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Green Propulsion Technology: Manastu Space<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has partnered with <\/span><b>Dhruva Space <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to test its green propulsion technology for Dhruva&#8217;s <\/span><b>Launching Expeditions for Aspiring Payloads (LEAP-3)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mission.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">LEAP-3 will <\/span><b>carry payloads from different companies in 2025.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manastu is developing a <\/span><b>green propulsion system <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using a <\/span><b>hydrogen-peroxide-based fuel.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It first tested LEAP on the PSLV-C58 mission on January 1 this year.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Project 200 by Bellatrix Aerospace:<\/b> <b>Project 200<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a <\/span><b>prototype<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for a <\/span><b>satellite designed for ultra-low earth orbits at an altitude of 200 km.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Space Docking Experiment: Ananth Technologies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> became the <\/span><b>first private Indian company<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to <\/span><b>assemble, integrate, and test two Space Docking Experiment (SpaDEx) satellites<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for ISRO at the company\u2019s facility in Bengaluru.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Recent Achievement and Scientific Discoveries<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chandrayaan-3\u2019s Landing Site:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Scientists discovered that the crater near the landing site of Chandrayaan-3 is older than the South Pole Aitken Basin.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This was based on data from the <\/span><b>Optical High-Resolution Camera<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> onboard the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and <\/span><b>navigational cameras <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on board <\/span><b>Pragyaan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>Chandrayaan-3 rover.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Astrosat\u2019s Extended Mission Life:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Originally planned for five years, <\/span><b>Astrosat has been operational for nine years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and is projected to last an additional two years, supporting over 400 research papers.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>AstroSat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is India&#8217;s first dedicated astronomy mission, designed to simultaneously study celestial sources in X-ray, optical, and ultraviolet spectral bands.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s <\/span><b>Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its thirty-first flight (PSLV-C30) launched the 1515 kg<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> AstroSat into a <\/span><b>650 km orbit<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the<\/span><b> Satish Dhawan Space Centre.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.043%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 130.811%; 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