{"id":146016,"date":"2024-12-07T19:32:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-07T14:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=146016"},"modified":"2024-12-07T19:44:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-07T14:14:19","slug":"submarine-cable-resilience","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/submarine-cable-resilience","title":{"rendered":"International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was recently launched to address growing challenges and ensure the resilience of critical submarine cable infrastructure.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jointly Launched by the<\/span><b> International Telecommunication Union (ITU)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the<\/span><b> International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> collaborated to launch this initiative.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>\u00a0Aim:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To strengthen the resilience of submarine cables, which are essential for the global digital economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Members: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Composed of<\/span><b> 40 members from around the world,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> including ministers, heads of regulatory authorities, and senior telecommunications experts.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Nigeria and Portugal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are serving as<\/span><b> co-chairs <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for this body.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Meeting Schedule:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The advisory body will convene<\/span><b> bi-annually<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to discuss international policies, infrastructure, and best practices for submarine cable resilience.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Functions:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promote best practices across governments and industries to enhance cable resilience, minimize damage risks, and ensure swift repair and deployment of cables.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leverage the collective expertise of members to address the needs of stakeholders whose livelihoods depend on submarine cables.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provide strategic guidance to tackle challenges such as increasing traffic, aging infrastructure, and environmental threats to submarine cables.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-145966 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/72-67543fa361324.webp\" alt=\"International Advisory Body\" width=\"398\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/72-67543fa361324.webp 647w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/72-67543fa361324-300x164.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Submarine Cables<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Submarine cables<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are fiber<\/span><b> optic cables<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> laid under the ocean that connect two or more landing points.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>It facilitates essential services like:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International commerce and trade<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global financial transactions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International communication and collaboration<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internet connectivity<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.5959%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Optical Cables<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Optical cables are a type of cable that <\/span><b>uses light signals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the principle of <\/span><b>Total Internal Reflection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to transmit data.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Core Component:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A thin strand of glass fiber called an optical fiber, which guides light pulses.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Advantages:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>High bandwidth capacity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Can transmit vast amounts of data.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Low signal loss:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ensures high-quality data transmission over long distances.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Immunity to electromagnetic interference: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protects data from external disturbances.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Applications:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Telecommunications<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Backbone of modern communication networks, including internet, telephone, and cable TV.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Data centers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Connects servers and storage devices within data centers.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Local area networks (LANs): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Used to connect devices within buildings and campuses.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Economic Growth:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Facilitates economic growth and development, especially for remote and island nations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Geopolitical Significance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Can influence geopolitical strategies and relationships between countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These cables handle over<\/span><b> 99% of international data exchange<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, enabling vital services such as global commerce and financial transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Global Submarine Cable Network: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of 2024, there are over 600 active submarine cables worldwide.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These cables span over 1.4 million kilometers, connecting continents and countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The number of submarine cables continues to grow to meet the increasing demand for global connectivity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>India&#8217;s Role in Submarine Cable Network: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India hosts 17 international submarine cables across 14 landing stations, primarily in Mumbai and Chennai.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This positions India as a <\/span><b>crucial hub for global data traffic.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About International Telecommunication Union (ITU)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ITU is a <\/span><b>specialized agency of the United Nations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> focused on information and communication technologies established in <\/span><b>1865.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Headquarters:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Geneva, Switzerland.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Functions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitates international connectivity, allocates global radio spectrum, and manages satellite orbits.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Members:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 194 countries, including<\/span><b> India.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a global organization dedicated to safeguarding international submarine telecommunications and power cables.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Establishment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founded in <\/span><b>1958,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the ICPC was established to address the increasing vulnerability of submarine cables to various threats, including accidental damage and intentional sabotage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Headquarter: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">London, United Kingdom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Functions<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Global Forum:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The ICPC serves as a global platform for governments, cable operators, manufacturers, and other industry stakeholders to exchange information and collaborate on cable protection issues.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Technical Expertise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The organization provides technical expertise and best practices to mitigate risks to submarine cables, such as those posed by fishing activities, anchoring, and natural disasters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Legal Framework<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The ICPC promotes the development and enforcement of international laws and regulations to protect submarine cables.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Environmental Protection: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The organization is committed to minimizing the environmental impact of cable installation and maintenance operations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Public Awareness:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The ICPC raises public awareness about the importance of submarine cables and the need to protect them.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a 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of critical submarine cable infrastructure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":145975,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2084],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/146016"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146016"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/146016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":146028,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/146016\/revisions\/146028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/145975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=146016"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=146016"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=146016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}