{"id":146555,"date":"2024-12-11T19:18:51","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T13:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=146555"},"modified":"2024-12-11T19:18:51","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T13:48:51","slug":"antimatter","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/antimatter","title":{"rendered":"Antimatter"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A recent <\/span><b>research paper titled, \u201cThe Standard Model CP Violation is Enough\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has given new insights into the <\/span><b>Matter- Antimatter Asymmetry question grappling the in Particle Physics community.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Antimatter<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antimatter is the <\/span><b>twin or Mirror Particle of almost all the subatomic particles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that make up our universe. These are a <\/span><b>group of particles that have opposite electrical charges to their ordinary Matter counterparts.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The antimatter counterpart of an <\/span><b>electron (negative charge) is a positron <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(with a positive charge) and<\/span><b> protons (positive charge) is an antiproton<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (a negative charge).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Presence: Antimatter do have Mass and <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">all the subatomic particles in matter<\/span><b> either have their own anti-twins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (antiquarks, antiprotons, antineutrons, and antileptons such as antielectrons) or they straddle the boundary between matter and antimatter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Short lived: Antimatter annihilates when it comes in contact with normal matte<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r and the annihilation process of an antiproton reacting with a proton takes nanoseconds\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Discovery:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Paul Dirac (British physicist) in the year 1928 in an equation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> first predicted that every particle has an anti-particle with the same mass, but opposite charge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>1932: A positive electron was discovered in cosmic rays and was called \u2018positron\u2019.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>1955: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An<\/span><b> \u2018anti-proton\u2019 was produced at the &#8216;Bevatron&#8217; accelerator in Berkeley, w<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hich was specially built for this purpose.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Formation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Antimatter particles is <\/span><b>being created using ultra-high-speed collisions at particle accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> operated by CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) at Geneva.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Experiments at CERN <\/span><b>create antihydroge<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n (the antimatter twin of the element hydrogen) with the most complex antimatter element produced to<\/span><b> date is antihelium, the counterpart to helium.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Application: Antimatter science can be applied in various fields like\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Medical Imaging: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Positron emission tomography (PET) scans <\/span><b>use Positrons to create high-resolution images <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the body.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Cancer Treatment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antiprotons are used in cancer treatment to target tumors.<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Interstellar Travel: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antimatter- Matter<\/span><b> collision can be used to fuel interstellar travel <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as\u00a0 it releases large amounts of energy when it annihilates with matter.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NASA is exploring the possibility of using the energy produced by matter-antimatter collisions to send a probe to the <\/span><b>nearest star system, Alpha Centauri.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Developing Stronger Materials: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Researchers can use antimatter to discover atomic level vulnerabilities and develop stronger materials for building.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antimatter <\/span><b>has been considered as a trigger mechanism for nuclear weapons.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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