{"id":148333,"date":"2024-12-24T19:09:16","date_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:39:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=148333"},"modified":"2024-12-24T19:09:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:39:16","slug":"india-bangladesh-extradition-treaty","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/india-bangladesh-extradition-treaty","title":{"rendered":"India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over four months after<\/span><b> former Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina fled to India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> following massive protests that toppled her 16-year-old regime,<\/span><b> Dhaka has officially requested her extradition.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Charges Against Sheikh Hasina<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dhaka\u2019s diplomatic note highlights<\/span><b> multiple serious charges against Hasina,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> complicating any potential claim for political asylum in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Accused of murder: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allegedly responsible for the killing of a grocery store owner in a police firing incident.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enforced disappearance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Implicated in the 2015 kidnapping of a lawyer.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Genocide and torture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Charged in a separate case involving murder, torture, and genocide.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Extradition Treaty Between India and Bangladesh<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> Extraction treaty<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was introduced to address concerns about Indian insurgents, particularly from the North East, hiding in Bangladesh, and Bangladeshi militants taking refuge in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Timeline<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The treaty was<\/span><b> signed in 2013 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>amended in 2016<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to<\/span><b> streamline the process of exchanging fugitives.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.5971%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Extradition Treaties<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Extradition Treaties: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International agreements between countries that establish procedures for the transfer of individuals accused or convicted of crimes back to the country where the alleged offenses occurred.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Key Provisions Usually include:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>List of Extradition Offenses:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Crimes for which extradition can be requested (e.g., murder, terrorism, drug trafficking).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Exceptions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Circumstances under which extradition may be denied (e.g., political offenses, risk of torture).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Due Process:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Safeguards for the rights of the requested person.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>India and Extradition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India is a party to several bilateral and multilateral extradition treaties.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>legislation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The<\/span><b> Extradition Act 1962<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provides India\u2019s legislative basis for extradition.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Nodal authority for Extradition in India:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ministry of External Affairs<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Condition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An Extradition request for an accused can be initiated in the case of under-investigation, under-trial and convicted criminals.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Notable Treaties:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India has extradition treaties with many countries, including the <\/span><b>United States, the United Kingdom<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and several other nations.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Factors Considered<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Indian courts carefully examine extradition requests, considering factors like the nature of the offense, the evidence presented, and the potential for human rights violations in the requesting country.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Notable Extradition Cases Involving India:<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Vijay Mallya and Nirav Modi cases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> exemplify the complexities of <\/span><b>international extradition,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> involving allegations of financial fraud, legal battles, and political considerations<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Key Provisions of the treaty:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Extraditable Individuals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Those charged with, found guilty of, or wanted for committing an extraditable offence in the requesting country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Definition of Extraditable Offence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Crimes carrying a minimum punishment of one year imprisonment, including financial crimes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Dual Criminality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The offence must be punishable in both India and Bangladesh to qualify for extradition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Scope of Extradition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Covers attempts to commit, aiding, abetting, inciting, or participating as an accomplice in an extraditable offence.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>2016 Treaty Amendment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Removed the requirement for evidence of the alleged crime in extradition cases.<\/span><b> Only an arrest warrant from a competent court <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the requesting country is needed for extradition.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Exceptions to the Rules<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Grounds for Refusal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Extradition can be<\/span><b> denied if the offence is political in nature.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Non-Political Offences<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Certain crimes are explicitly excluded from being classified as political, including:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Murder, manslaughter, assault.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Explosions or possession of explosives or weapons with intent to endanger life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use of firearms to resist arrest.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Property damage with intent to endanger life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kidnapping, hostage-taking, incitement to murder, and terrorism-related offences.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Additional Exceptions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: If the accusation was<\/span><b> not made in good faith or in the interests of justice.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Military offences that are not crimes under general criminal law are excluded.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<span class=\"vc_button\"><b>Additional Reading: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/sheikh-hasinas-extradition-to-bangladesh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Extradition<\/b><\/a><\/span>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a 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regime, Dhaka has officially requested her extradition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":148326,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2084],"subject":[2102],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/148333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148333"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/148333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148336,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/148333\/revisions\/148336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/148326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148333"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=148333"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=148333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}