{"id":150860,"date":"2025-01-09T19:13:08","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T13:43:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=150860"},"modified":"2025-01-09T19:13:08","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T13:43:08","slug":"news-in-shorts-09-january-2025","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-09-january-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Shorts: 09 January 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Tidal Tail<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A<\/span><b> new ultra-diffuse galaxy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">forming at <\/span><b>the end of a tidal tail <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">associated with the <\/span><b>galaxy NGC 3785<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been identified recently.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Discovery: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A team of researchers from the<\/span><b> National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA) Pune<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and<\/span><b> Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conducted a<\/span><b> detailed photometric analysis of the Tidal Tail of the NGC 3785 Galaxy.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>NGC 3785 Galaxy: The <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Galaxy is <\/span><b>a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bout 430 million light years from Earth situated in the Leo constellation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-150849 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/97-677fcf4ab0349.webp\" alt=\"Tidal Tail\" width=\"352\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/97-677fcf4ab0349.webp 612w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/97-677fcf4ab0349-298x300.webp 298w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/97-677fcf4ab0349-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><b>Published in: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study was published in the <\/span><b>European journal, Astronomy &#038; Astrophysics Letters<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>The Formation of an Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: At the end of the tidal tail of NGC 3785, <\/span><b>astronomers have observed the formation of a nascent ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG).\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ultra -Diffuse Galaxy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are <\/span><b>characterized by their low luminosity and surface brightness,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> often eluding detection in traditional surveys.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formation of these galaxies are <\/span><b>driven by the gravitational interaction between NGC 3785 and a neighboring galaxy.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Significance:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Understanding Galaxy Evolution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It will open up new avenues for understanding how galaxies evolve and interact in the vast universe.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Finding new Cosmic Structures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This research highlights the processes involved in galaxy interactions and the creation of new structures in the cosmos.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Tidal Tail<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A tidal tail is a <\/span><b>long, thin stream of stars and interstellar gas that forms when two galaxies interact<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> closely pulling material away from each galaxy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Formation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The gravitational interactions between galaxies<\/span><b> can occur during close encounters or mergers,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> where the gas and stars are <\/span><b>often stripped from the outer regions of the galaxie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s to form two tidal tails,<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One\u00a0 trailing and one preceding each galaxy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Longest Tidal Tail:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>tidal tail of Galaxy NGC 3785 extends for an astonishing 1.27 million light-years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, making it the longest ever discovered.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Henley Passport Index 2025<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Singapore has reclaimed its place at the top of the world\u2019s most powerful passports which enjoy visa-free access to 195 out of 227 destinations worldwide, according to the <\/span><b>Henley Passport Index.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>India&#8217;s Ranking<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>2025 Rank:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 85th.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Visa-free access to 57 nations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Recent Trends:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recovery from 90th (2021) to 80th (2024) but dropped to 85th (2025).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Henley Passport Index 2024<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Original, authoritative <\/span><b>ranking of world passports<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> based on destinations accessible <\/span><b>without a prior visa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initiated in <\/span><b>200<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6 as the <\/span><b>Henley &#038; Partners Visa Restrictions Index (HVRI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilizes data from the <\/span><b>International Air Transport Association (IATA) and Henley &#038; Partners\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> research team.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Data and Coverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Index includes <\/span><b>199 passports and 227 travel destinations.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Passport&#8217;s visa-free &#8216;score&#8217;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is determined by the number of countries it provides access to without a visa.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Index Authority:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Considered the standard reference tool for <\/span><b>global citizens and sovereign states<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in assessing passport rankings and global mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/quiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Daily Current Affairs Quiz<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Daily Main Answer Writing<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-previous-year-papers?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Previous+Year+Papers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Check Out Previous Years Papers From PW Store<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; 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Discovery: A team of researchers from the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA) Pune and Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) conducted a detailed photometric analysis of the Tidal Tail of&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-09-january-2025\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">News in Shorts: 09 January 2025<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":150852,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/150860"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150860"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/150860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":150863,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/150860\/revisions\/150863"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/150852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150860"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=150860"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=150860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}