{"id":154662,"date":"2025-02-07T19:16:18","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T13:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=154662"},"modified":"2025-02-07T19:16:18","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T13:46:18","slug":"news-in-shorts-07-february-2025","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-07-february-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Shorts: 07 February 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>NO2 <\/b><b>Emissions: Stanford study<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A study by <\/span><b>Stanford University studies Impact of Coal Power Plant Emissions on Crop Losses in India.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About NO2 Emissions<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nitrogen dioxide (NO\u2082) is a gas released into the air mainly from burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, <\/span><b>Characteristics of NO2\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Reactive Gas:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is a reactive gas that easily interacts with other substances in the air.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Part of <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NOx<\/span><b>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It belongs to a group of gases known as nitrogen oxides (NOx)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Key Findings of the Study<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Prevention of crop losses: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study found that<\/span><b> eliminating nitrogen dioxide (NO\u2082) emissions from coal-fired power plant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s in<\/span><b> India could prevent crop losses worth nearly $1 billion annually.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>NO\u2082 emissions from these plants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reduce <\/span><b>wheat and rice yields<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by 10% or more in many areas<\/span><b>.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Economic Impact<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Potential Benefits: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eliminating coal emissions during key growing seasons <\/span><b>(January-February and September-October) could:<\/b>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increase rice output value by approximately $420 million per year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increase wheat output value by<\/span><b> $400 million per year.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>State-Wise Impact of Coal Emissions<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NO\u2082 pollution from coal power pl<\/span><b>ants varies across states:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Chhattisgarh: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coal plants contribute 13-19% of NO\u2082 pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Uttar Pradesh: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coal plants contribute only 3-5% of NO\u2082 pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other NO\u2082 sources include vehicles and industries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Long-Term Crop Losses<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In states like West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh, crop yield losses exceed 10% annually.<\/span>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is equal to six years of average annual yield grow<\/span><b>th (2011-2020).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recently, the Environment Ministry announced that the Framework Agreement on the establishment of the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) has officially come into force.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Launched by:\u00a0 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launched by the Prime Minister in 2023 at an event commemorating 50 years of Project Tiger in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Objective: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To reach out to<\/span><b> 97 range countries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> covering the natural habitats of the <\/span><b>seven big cats.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Seven cats <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">include<\/span><b> tiger, lion, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, jaguar, and puma<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the seven big cats,<\/span><b> five Big Cats; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tiger, lion, leopard, snow leopard and cheetah are found in India, <\/span><b>excluding puma and jaguar.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Twenty-four (24) countries (including India) have<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> consented to be <\/span><b>members of IBCA.\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>All UN member countries are eligible for becoming a member of IBCA.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>IBCA governance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Governed by a General Assembly made up of all member nations, an elected member nations Council, and a Secretariat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Funding of IBCA:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> IBCA has secured Government of India&#8217;s initial support of Rs. 150 crore for five years (2023-24 to 2027-28)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Headquarters:\u00a0 India<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-154657\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/72-67a60b433bcb8.webp\" alt=\"International Big Cat Alliance\" width=\"650\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/72-67a60b433bcb8.webp 977w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/72-67a60b433bcb8-300x140.webp 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/72-67a60b433bcb8-768x359.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Jevons Paradox<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella recently referenced the Jevons Paradox in relation to AI, emphasizing that increased efficiency and accessibility of AI could drive a significant rise in demand.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Jevons Paradox<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Jevons Paradox states that technological advancements that enhance efficiency or reduce the cost of using a resource often lead to an increase in its overall consumption.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This concept was introduced by economist <\/span><b>William Stanley Jevons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><b>1865<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Key Principle: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As technological advancements improve the efficiency of resource utilization, the total consumption of that resource tends to increase rather than decrease.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Explanation<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Intuitive Assumption:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When a technology enhances efficiency, it is expected to lower overall resource consumption.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Jevons\u2019 Argument:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Increased efficiency reduces the <\/span><b>effective cost<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of using the resource, which in turn boosts demand. As a result, total consumption may <\/span><b>rise instead of decline<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+CSE+Books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Examples of Jevons Paradox<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coal and Steam Engines: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his 1865 book<\/span><b><i> The Coal Question, <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jevons observed that <\/span><b>improved steam engine efficiency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> led to increased <\/span><b>coal consumption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, contrary to <\/span><b>expectations of a decline.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Artificial Intelligence (AI): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As AI models become more <\/span><b>efficient and affordable<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, their <\/span><b>adoption increases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, leading to higher energy consumption in data centers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Energy Efficiency in Transportation : <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The introduction of <\/span><b>fuel-efficient vehicles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> lowers <\/span><b>per-mile fuel costs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, encouraging people to drive more, which ultimately results in <\/span><b>higher overall fuel consumption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Exercise Ekuverin<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>13th edition of the joint military exercise \u2018Ekuverin\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between the <\/span><b>Indian Army<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>the Maldives National Defence Force<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has commenced\u00a0 in the<\/span><b> Maldives.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Exercise Ekuverin<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Meaning:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The term \u2018<\/span><b>Ekuverin\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> means <\/span><b>\u2018Friends<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019 in the<\/span><b> Dhivehi language.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dhivehi is an <\/span><b>Indo-European language <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spoken in <\/span><b>\u00a0Maldives and Indian UT Lakshadweep<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aim &#038; Objectives:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To enhance interoperability in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also includes joint humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Other Exercises Between India and Maldives<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Exercise Ekatha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: An annual exercise between the<\/span><b> navies of India and the Maldives.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Dosti Trilateral Exercise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A biennial <\/span><b>trilateral coast guard exercise <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">involving <\/span><b>India, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>4.3 GW Solar Manufacturing Unit Inaugurated<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><b>The Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has recently<\/span><b> inaugurated a 4.3 GW solar cell and module manufacturing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> facility in Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About The Facility<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The solar cell and module manufacturing plant<\/span><b> is India\u2019s largest single-location solar manufacturing facility<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Technology:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The plant is equipped<\/span><b> with cutting-edge TOPCon and Mono Perc technologies <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and will also manufacture some of the raw materials for module manufacturing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Project By:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Facility is<\/span><b> developed by TP Solar Ltd (Tata Power\u2019s Solar manufacturing arm &#038;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a subsidiary of Tata Power renewable Energy Limited)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Objective: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The facility would<\/span><b> produce photovoltaic cells and modules for solar power generating units <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">having an annual capacity of 4 GW.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Significance:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Support India\u2019s Solar Industry: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The facility will deliver enhanced efficiency and<\/span><b> long-term reliability in solar plants and rooftop projects <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for residential, commercial and industrial purposes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Creating Local Employment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The facility will pay a crucial role in community development by creating job opportunities, with 80% of the workforce comprising women.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Build Capacity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It will<\/span><b> strengthens India\u2019s solar manufacturing capabilities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by reinforcing the supply chain<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Goal of Net Zero: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Facility will <\/span><b>pave the way to achieve India\u2019s goal of solar power capacity of 500 GW <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and Net Zero by 2070.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>National Fellowship scheme<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OBC and Scheduled caste research scholars<\/span><b> have reported delays in receiving their\u00a0 grants <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under<\/span><b> the National Fellowship.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About National Fellowship Scheme for Scheduled Caste Students<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><b>Central Sector Scheme.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>launched :<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In the financial year<\/span><b> 2005-06.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Objective: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To provide higher education opportunities for SC students pursuing M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in Sciences, Humanities, and Social S<\/span><b>ciences.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Implementing Agency<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Central Nodal Agency (CNA):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Since October 1, 2022, the National Scheduled Castes Finance and Development Corporation (NSFDC) <\/span><b>for implementing the scheme.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earlier, the scheme was managed by<\/span><b> the University Grants Commission (UGC).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>NSFDC\u2019s Role:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishing guidelines and procedures for implementation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selecting beneficiaries for the fellowship.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disbursing fellowship funds t<\/span><b>o the selected candidates.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Executions with Nitrogen Gas<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, Alabama put a man(Demetrius Frazier, a 52-year-old inmate,)\u00a0 to death for a 1991 murder in the nation\u201ds 4th execution using nitrogen gas.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Execution Method: Nitrogen Gas<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alabama became the <\/span><b>first state<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to introduce <\/span><b>execution by nitrogen gas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2024.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This method uses pure nitrogen to make the culprit\u00a0 unconsciousness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nitrogen-filled face masks are used over the mouth and nose of the culprit.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It causes disconnection of oxygen flow, causing death of a person.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It can cause seizure-like movements.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This technique can kill a person in a few minutes. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>India Becomes the World\u2019s 2nd Largest Mobile Manufacturer<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has emerged as the <\/span><b>world\u2019s 2nd largest mobile manufacturing country,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> marking a significant transformation in its electronics manufacturing sector.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently the <\/span><b>country produces 99.2% of mobile phones sold domestically.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>China <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">remains the <\/span><b>world&#8217;s largest manufacturer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of mobile phones.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Current Status of Mobile Manufacturing in India<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rise in Domestic Production:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In <\/span><b>2014-15<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, only <\/span><b>26%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of mobile phones sold in India were manufactured locally, with the majority being imported.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Near-Complete Localization:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> By <\/span><b>2025<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>99.2%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of mobile phones sold in India are now made domestically, reducing reliance on imports.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Shift Towards Self-Reliance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This growth highlights India&#8217;s transition from an <\/span><b>import-dependent nation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to a <\/span><b>global hub for mobile manufacturing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Major Reasons for India&#8217;s Growth in Mobile Manufacturing<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Government Initiatives and Policy Support<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Make in India (2014):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Encouraged domestic manufacturing and reduced dependency on imports.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme (2020): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Offered financial incentives to\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Increased Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FDI in: 100% FDI allowed in electronics manufacturing under the automatic route attracted global players.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Rising Domestic Demand for Smartphones: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expanding internet penetration and affordable data boosted smartphone adoption.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Tariff and Import Duty Policies: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased customs duties on imported mobile phones and components encouraged local production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Geopolitical and Market Factors: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">US-China trade tensions pushed global manufacturers to diversify production to India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Companies like Apple and Foxconn expanded operations due to supply chain shifts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><i>Ready to boost your UPSC 2025 preparation?<\/i><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b><i>Join PW&#8217;s UPSC online courses<\/i><\/b><\/a><b><i> today!<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: 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