{"id":155349,"date":"2025-02-13T19:39:48","date_gmt":"2025-02-13T14:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=155349"},"modified":"2025-02-14T11:28:54","modified_gmt":"2025-02-14T05:58:54","slug":"gross-domestic-knowledge-product","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/gross-domestic-knowledge-product","title":{"rendered":"Gross Domestic Knowledge Product"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A session on the<\/span><b> \u2018Conceptual Framework of Gross Domestic Knowledge Product (GDKP) Measurement\u2019 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was recently <\/span><b>conducted by The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Chairman: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The session was chaired by the Principal<\/span><b> Scientific Advisor.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Knowledge Partner: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pahle India Foundation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aim: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To discuss the e<\/span><b>xisting framework of measuring knowledge products <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">within the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and to deliberate on<\/span><b> conceptualization of a fresh approach to measure India&#8217;s Knowledge Economy.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Gross Domestic Knowledge Product (GDKP)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GDKP will be a<\/span><b> dedicated metric for the measurement of the contributions of India\u2019s knowledge economy ie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. comprising,<\/span><b> innovation, intellectual assets, intangible assets <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>First Discussed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The idea of measuring GDKP <\/span><b>was first discussed earlier in 2021 with NITI Aayog<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> making a presentation on the concept note.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The idea was shelved as the concept note did not provide the methodology for capturing the data and computation of GDKP <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as pointed out by the The National Statistical Commission<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MoSPI will <\/span><b>form a technical committee to evaluate the proposa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l and provide guidance on measuring the knowledge economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Present Status: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All\u00a0 expenditures on<\/span><b> Intellectual Property Products (IPP) are recorded under Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) i<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e.\u00a0 the indicator for capital investments in the GDP dataset for the economy.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Approach: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ministry may consider<\/span><b> using a \u201csatellite account&#8221; approach<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, similar to how they account for tourism or culture, ocean and blue economy, to capture the knowledge base of the economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Goal: I<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is to move<\/span><b> from purely economic indicators to a more knowledge-centric approach.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Framework:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The measuring of knowledge framework will be based on<\/span><b> four pillars of knowledge i.e.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The knowledge items, The knowledge producers, The knowledge distributors, and knowledge users (consumers and enhancers).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Significance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A well-defined GDKP could help the government,<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In formulating<\/span><b> better policies for sectors like education, research, technology, and entrepreneurship.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To guide<\/span><b> investment in knowledge infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as R&#038;D, digital connectivity, and skill development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To <\/span><b>capture the impact of knowledge on economic and social life<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Key Challenges:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Methodology:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Defining a clear and objective methodology for measuring knowledge is required which includes<\/span><b> identifying relevant parameters and finding ways to quantify them t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o ensure accuracy and avoid perception-based estimations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Data Availability: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data on Knowledge parameters like, i<\/span><b>ntellectual property, research output, digital innovation, and human capital developmen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is fragmented and difficult to quantify therefore a constraint on measurement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Integration with GDP:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Integrating GDKP with GDP <\/span><b>without duplication will be a challenge as some aspects of knowledge <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contribution are already captured in GDP (e.g., Intellectual Property under Gross Fixed Capital Formation)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subjectivity: To define and <\/span><b>quantify knowledge parameters is highly subjective and requires extensive refinement <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as specified by the The National Statistical Commission earlier\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Measuring Welfare: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although GDKP would serve as an indicator supplementing the GDP measure, but it<\/span><b> is not clear how it is going to supplement the GDP in measuring welfare<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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