{"id":156376,"date":"2025-02-22T18:54:47","date_gmt":"2025-02-22T13:24:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=156376"},"modified":"2025-02-22T18:54:47","modified_gmt":"2025-02-22T13:24:47","slug":"article-101-4-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/article-101-4-of-indian-constitution","title":{"rendered":"Article 101(4)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Amritpal Singh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, an Independent MP, has approached the Punjab &#038; Haryana High Court to address concerns about potentially<\/span><b> losing his Lok Sabha seat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to extended absence under <\/span><b>Article 101(4) of the Indian Constitution.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Background<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amritpal Singh, MP from Khadoor Sahib, has been detained under the <\/span><b>National Security Act (NSA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> since April 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He contested and won the 2024 Lok Sabha election from prison but has only <\/span><b>2% attendance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Parliament.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Application of Article 101(4)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: He is unlikely to lose his seat because:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MPs can seek <\/span><b>permission for absence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the <\/span><b>Committee on Absence of Members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The House must <\/span><b>declare the seat vacant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> through a vote, which is rare.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Past precedents show MPs have been granted leave for imprisonment.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2023, then Ghosi MP Atul Rai of the Bahujan Samaj Party sought permission to remain absent on 23 consecutive sittings of Parliament as he was in jail. His application was granted.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.699%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Committee on Absence of Members<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a<\/span><b> parliamentary committe<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e that examines cases where a member of the legislative body has been <\/span><b>absent from sessions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for an extended period<\/span><b> without permission<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It recommends whether to <\/span><b>condone the absence, grant leave, or potentially declare the seat vacant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> depending on the circumstances.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>House<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Only exists in the <\/span><b>Lok Sabha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Membership:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Consists of <\/span><b>15 members nominated by the Speaker<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Lok Sabha.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><b>About National Security Act (NSA), 1980<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NSA is a<\/span><b> Preventive Detention Law enacted in 1980<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to maintain public order and national security.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Preventive Detention:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Involves detaining a person to prevent them from committing future crimes or evading future prosecution.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Key Provisions of Article 101(4)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Disqualification for Absence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: An MP can be disqualified if they are absent from <\/span><b>all meetings of either Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>60 days<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> without permission.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 60-day period is calculated based on <\/span><b>actual sittings of Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Permission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Disqualification does not apply if the MP has obtained <\/span><b>permission from the respective House of Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Exceptions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The 60-day period <\/span><b>does not include<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Periods when the House is <\/span><b>prorogued<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (sessions ended).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Periods when the House is <\/span><b>adjourned for more than four consecutive days<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Purpose:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensures that MPs <\/span><b>actively participate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in legislative proceedings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevents<\/span><b> neglect of parliamentary responsibilities <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by elected representatives<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Exceptions and Considerations<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Valid Reasons for Leave<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: MPs can apply for leave due to: Illness; Detention; Other unavoidable circumstances.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Permission Granted by the House<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: If the House grants permission, the MP does not lose their seat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Legal Detention<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: In cases of legal detention, courts may intervene to allow the MP to attend if required.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; 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