{"id":158762,"date":"2025-03-13T19:11:13","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T13:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=158762"},"modified":"2025-03-13T19:11:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T13:41:13","slug":"cybercrime-crackdown","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/cybercrime-crackdown","title":{"rendered":"Cybercrime Crackdown"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Pratibimb Module<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has led to the arrest of 6,046 accused, identification of 17,185 linkages, and 36,296 cyber investigation assistance requests, as informed in the Lok Sabha.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Cybercrime<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cybercrime refers to <\/span><b>criminal activities involving computers, networks, or digital systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to commit fraud, theft, or harm individuals, organizations, or governments. These crimes exploit <\/span><b>technology vulnerabilities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for financial gain, data theft, or malicious intent.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9322%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Types of Cybercrime<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Hacking<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Unauthorized access to computer systems or networks.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Phishing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Fraudulent emails or messages to steal sensitive information.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Identity Theft<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Stealing personal information for fraud.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Cyberstalking<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Online harassment or threats.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Ransomware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Malware that locks data, demanding ransom for access.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Online Fraud<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Scams involving fake websites, investments, or e-commerce fraud.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Cyberterrorism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Attacks targeting national security or infrastructure.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Child Exploitation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Sharing or distributing illegal content online.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About &#8216;Pratibimb&#8217; Module<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>It is a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based software designed for cybercrime tracking.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps enforcement agencies, including state police forces, to map cybercriminals in real-time and disrupt their networks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Developed by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7006%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Geographic Information System (GIS)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Definition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> GIS is a technology that captures, stores, analyzes, and visualizes geographic data to map and monitor spatial information.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Applications:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Used in <\/span><b>urban planning, disaster management, crime mapping, agriculture, and navigation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to enhance decision-making through real-time geographic insights.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Key Features<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Projects mobile numbers used in cybercrimes across India onto a GIS map.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides map-based visualization to<\/span><b> Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and service providers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps in identifying and tracking locations of mobile numbers involved in criminal activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Other Initiatives to streamline fight against Cybercrime<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About &#8216;Samanvaya&#8217; Platform<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><b>coordination platform <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">launched by the Ministry of Home Affairs<\/span><b> for cybercrime data sharing and analytics.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It enhances<\/span><b> cooperation among States\/UTs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in handling cybercrime complaints.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Functions<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitates cybercrime data sharing among various LEAs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tracks interstate cybercrime linkages for better investigation and coordination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthens cooperation between different enforcement agencies to combat cyber fraud effectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About National Cyber Forensic Laboratory (Investigation)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Established under I4C in New Delhi <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to provide early-stage cyber forensic assistance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supports Investigating Officers (IOs) of State\/UT Police in cybercrime investigations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Has provided forensic services in around 11,835 cybercrime cases so far.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)<\/span><b> to combat cybercrime in a coordinated and comprehensive manner.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acts as the<\/span><b> nodal agency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for tackling cyber crimes across India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Located in New Delhi and functions as a<\/span><b> bridge between law enforcement, academia, and industry.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Key Focus Areas:\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthens collaboration between LEAs and stakeholders to prevent cybercrime.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Works on cybercrime prevention, detection, investigation, and prosecution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engages with academia, industry, and the government to develop solutions for cyber threats.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Objectives of I4C<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cybercrime Prevention and Coordination<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Acts as a central coordination body for all cybercrime-related activities in India.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enhances information sharing and intelligence gathering on cyber threats.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Research &#038; Development:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Identifies research problems and needs of LEAs.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supports development of new technologies and forensic tools in collaboration with academia and research institutes in India and abroad.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>National Security and Cyber Threat Mitigation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Prevents the misuse of cyberspace for extremist and terrorist activities.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suggests amendments in cyber laws to adapt to rapidly evolving technologies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>International Cooperation and Legal Frameworks: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coordinates <\/span><b>Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with other countries.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Works with the MHA\u2019s nodal authorities to strengthen international cybercrime cooperation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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