{"id":159658,"date":"2025-03-21T19:20:51","date_gmt":"2025-03-21T13:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=159658"},"modified":"2025-03-21T19:20:51","modified_gmt":"2025-03-21T13:50:51","slug":"news-in-shorts-21-march-2025","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-21-march-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Shorts: 21 March 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indonesia&#8217;s <\/span><b>Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki volcano<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> erupted three times on March 21, 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is located in<\/span><b> Flores Timur district, East Nusa Tenggara province,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is part of a twin-volcano system alongside Mount Lewotobi Perempuan.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>It is a stratovolcano (composite volcano),<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> standing 1,584 meters (5,197 feet) high, known for explosive eruptions.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Other Active Volcanoes in the Region<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indonesia is situated within the <\/span><b>Pacific &#8220;Ring of Fire,&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a seismically active region with approximately <\/span><b>120 active volcanoes.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Notable examples include<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mount Merapi (Central Java):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> One of Indonesia\u2019s most active volcanoes, frequently erupting and causing evacuations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mount Agung (Bali):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Known for periodic eruptions that disrupt flights and tourism in the region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Mount Sinabung (North Sumatra):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Has erupted regularly in recent years, causing evacuations and significant impacts to local communities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Human Coronavirus HKU1<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Kolkata patient<\/span><b> diagnosed with the Human Coronavirus HKU1 has been discharged recently.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Human Coronavirus HKU1<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HCoV-HKU1<\/span><b> is a RNA virus infection that mainly affects the lungs and respiratory system.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Family: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a<\/span><b> part of the coronavirus family<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (SARS, MERS, and Covid-19) that affects humans and animals.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HKU1 is one of <\/span><b>the strains of coronavirus and was named after Hong Kong University <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">where it was originally described in 2004.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Other Name: It is also called Betacoronavirus hongkonense.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Prevalence: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The HKU1 strain is an<\/span><b> old strain with most children having at least one infection from HKU1 by 3-4 years of age.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 2<\/span><b>021 study, published in the Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">says, HKU1 along with NL63, OC43, 229E accounted for 4.3% of infection in a group of 250 children.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Symptoms: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It presents<\/span><b> flu-like symptoms such as low-grade fever, cough and cold, running nose, sore throat, blocked sinus, headache, fever, fatigue, and in several cases,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> even pneumonia or bronchitis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Transmission: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like other coronaviruses, the pathogen transmits <\/span><b>by direct contact with infected individuals, through coughing, sneezing or touching surfaces.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Treatment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, there is <\/span><b>no vaccine for HKU1.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The treatment for HKU1 is <\/span><b>symptomatic with paracetamol and antihistamines<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To follow<\/span><b> basic coughing and sneezing etiquettes, a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">voiding <\/span><b>contact with a patient with flu-like illnesses an<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">d a healthy diet should be followed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Low-level Transportable Radar (LLTR) Ashwini<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Ministry of Defence has entered into a Rs 2,906 crore capital acquisition contract <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with <\/span><b>Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for <\/span><b>Low-level Transportable Radar (LLTR) \u2018Ashwini\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the Indian Air Force (IAF).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Low-level Transportable Radar (LLTR) \u2018Ashwini\u2019<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018Ashwini\u2019 is an<\/span><b> active electronically scanned phased early warning array radar.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Developed By: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The radar is <\/span><b>designed and developed by Electronics &#038; Radar Development Establishment (LRDE<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation<\/span><b> (DRDO).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Features<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Range:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It has a <\/span><b>range of 200 km<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>picking up low-level targets.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Technologies Included: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Radar possess several key technologies, including\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Indigenous Rotating Active Phased Array: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capable of <\/span><b>automatic detection and tracking of aerial targets ranging <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from fighter aircraft to slow-moving targets.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Others: Time synchronisation of multiple receivers, 2D digital beam-forming<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, digital beamforming-based (DBF) active array calibration, multi-beam processing, critical real-time software and firmware, and mechanical packaging (engineering, thermal, etc)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Detection: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It can <\/span><b>detect two square metres of Radar Cross Section (RCS) targets as far as 150 km in range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with an altitude coverage from 30 metres to 15 km.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mode of Operation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The radar operates <\/span><b>in staring or rotation mode.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Rotation Mode:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It offers<\/span><b> continuous full 360-degree horizontal coverage,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but with a narrower vertical scan of 40 degrees.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Staring Mode:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It offers <\/span><b>a fixed horizontal scan and the same 40-degree vertical scan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This means that the radar antenna is fixed and continuously points at a specific target or area.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The desired coverage is o<\/span><b>btained using a wide transmit beam and multiple receive beams.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Radar<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The word Radar is an<\/span><b> acronym <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for<\/span><b> RA<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dio<\/span><b> D<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">etection<\/span><b> A<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd <\/span><b>R<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">anging.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Radars use<\/span><b> radio wave<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s to determine the distance and velocity of the targets they hit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>A radar system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> usually<\/span><b> consists of a transmitter <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to send ou<\/span><b>t radio signals and a receiver <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to catch any reflected energy from targets.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><b>Working Mechanism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Radars work by <\/span><b>transmitting radio waves (electromagnetic energy) towards a target<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and then analyzing the echoes (reflected signals) that return.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>\u2018Samarth\u2019 Incubation Programme<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Context: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first cohort of <\/span><b>Incubation Program for startups in Telecom &#038; ICT Sector named as \u201cSamarth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d has been launched by the Union Government.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>About Samarth-Incubation Program<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samarth incubation Program<\/span><b> is designed to provide comprehensive support for startups a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd innovators engaged in creating next-generation technologies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Fields: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Technologies in the fields of <\/span><b>Telecom Software Applications, Cyber Security, 5G\/6G Technologies, AI, IoT Applications<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#038; Quantum Technologies will be eligible for the program.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Launched By: Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DoT), an autonomous Telecom R&#038;D centre of Department of <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Telecommunication (DoT), Govt. of India<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Implementation Partner: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-DOT has<\/span><b> selected <\/b><b>Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) as the official implementation partner.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Focus:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To <\/span><b>foster innovation and promote technological advancements<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India\u2019s telecommunications and IT sectors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Aim:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The program aims to <\/span><b>encourage the development of sustainable and scalable business models,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offer access to cutting-edge resources, and help startups bridge the gap from ideation to commercialization.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Details:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Cohort Size: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The program has a <\/span><b>maximum cohort size of 18 startups<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> per program, with a<\/span><b> total of 36 startups across two cohorts of six months each.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The program will be<\/span><b> delivered in a hybrid mode through world-class infrastructure,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> expert mentorship, and access to a network of investors and industry leaders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>applications under \u2018Samarth\u2019 are open to DPIIT <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade) recognized startups.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Grants: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selected startups <\/span><b>will get a grant up to 5 lakh INR each, access to well-furnished office space<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for a period of 6 m<\/span><b>onths at C-DOT Campus, L<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ab facilities and\u00a0 mentorship.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Future Collaboration:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Based on progress the startup will get an opportunity for future collaboration<\/span><b> under C-DOT Collaborative Research Program.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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About Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki\u00a0 It is located in Flores Timur district, East Nusa Tenggara province, is part of a twin-volcano system alongside Mount Lewotobi Perempuan.\u00a0 It is a stratovolcano (composite volcano), standing 1,584 meters (5,197 feet)&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/news-in-shorts-21-march-2025\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">News in Shorts: 21 March 2025<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":159654,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/159658"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=159658"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/159658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159662,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/159658\/revisions\/159662"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/159654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=159658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=159658"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=159658"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=159658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}